Journal ArticleDOI
Flood or drought: How do aerosols affect precipitation?
Daniel Rosenfeld,Ulrike Lohmann,Graciela B. Raga,Colin D. O'Dowd,Markku Kulmala,Sandro Fuzzi,Anni Reissell,Meinrat O. Andreae +7 more
TLDR
A conceptual model is proposed that explains this apparent dichotomy of pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long-lived clouds and heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur.Abstract:
Aerosols serve as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and thus have a substantial effect on cloud properties and the initiation of precipitation. Large concentrations of human-made aerosols have been reported to both decrease and increase rainfall as a result of their radiative and CCN activities. At one extreme, pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long-lived clouds. On the other hand, heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur, if they can form at all given the reduced surface heating resulting from the aerosol haze layer. We propose a conceptual model that explains this apparent dichotomy.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
100 Years of Progress in Cloud Physics, Aerosols, and Aerosol Chemistry Research
TL;DR: In this paper, the history of the discovery of cloud nuclei and their impacts on cloud microphysics and the climate system is reviewed, including pioneers including John Aitken, Sir John Mason, Hilding Ko...
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Aircraft observations of elevated pollution layers near the foothills of the Himalayas during CAIPEEX‐2009
B. Padmakumari,R. S. Maheskumar,S. B. Morwal,G. Harikishan,Mahen Konwar,J. R. Kulkarni,Bhupendra Nath Goswami +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the properties of aerosols and their spatial and vertical distribution near the foothills of the Himalayas using data from an instrumented aircraft during the Cloud Aerosol Interactions and Precipitation Enhancement Experiment (CAIPEEX), 2009.
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Impact of dust-polluted convective clouds over the Tibetan Plateau on downstream precipitation
TL;DR: Based on satellite observations and reanalysis datasets, the authors focuses on the effect of aerosols on clouds over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and the impact of dust-polluted convective clouds on precipitation over downstream regions.
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Cloud residues and interstitial aerosols from non-precipitating clouds over an industrial and urban area in northern China
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors used high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to obtain the size, composition, and mixing state of individual cloud residues and interstitial aerosols.
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Regional precipitation variability in East Asia related to climate and environmental factors during 1979-2012
TL;DR: The results computed by Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF) demonstrate that the annual precipitation changes are mainly related to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation, East Asian summer monsoon and aerosols, and the increased Sea surface temperature (SST) could explain the precipitation changes.
References
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TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
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Aerosols, climate, and the hydrological cycle
TL;DR: Human activities are releasing tiny particles (aerosols) into the atmosphere that enhance scattering and absorption of solar radiation, which can lead to a weaker hydrological cycle, which connects directly to availability and quality of fresh water, a major environmental issue of the 21st century.
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Global indirect aerosol effects: a review
Ulrike Lohmann,Johann Feichter +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of aerosols on the climate system are discussed and different approaches how the climatic implications of these effects can be estimated globally as well as improvements that are needed in global climate models in order to better represent indirect aerosol effects are discussed.
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Climate Effects of Black Carbon Aerosols in China and India
TL;DR: A global climate model used to investigate possible aerosol contributions to trends in China and India found precipitation and temperature changes in the model that were comparable to those observed if the aerosols included a large proportion of absorbing black carbon (“soot”), similar to observed amounts.
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Inaugural Article by a Recently Elected Academy Member
Jian Xu,Jeffrey I. Gordon +1 more