Journal ArticleDOI
Flood or drought: How do aerosols affect precipitation?
Daniel Rosenfeld,Ulrike Lohmann,Graciela B. Raga,Colin D. O'Dowd,Markku Kulmala,Sandro Fuzzi,Anni Reissell,Meinrat O. Andreae +7 more
TLDR
A conceptual model is proposed that explains this apparent dichotomy of pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long-lived clouds and heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur.Abstract:
Aerosols serve as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and thus have a substantial effect on cloud properties and the initiation of precipitation. Large concentrations of human-made aerosols have been reported to both decrease and increase rainfall as a result of their radiative and CCN activities. At one extreme, pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long-lived clouds. On the other hand, heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur, if they can form at all given the reduced surface heating resulting from the aerosol haze layer. We propose a conceptual model that explains this apparent dichotomy.read more
Citations
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Application of a new scheme of cloud base droplet nucleation in a spectral (bin) microphysics cloud model: sensitivity to aerosol size distribution
Eyal Ilotoviz,Alexander Khain +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a new scheme of droplet nucleation at cloud base is implemented into the Hebrew University Cloud Model (HUCM) with spectral (bin) microphysics.
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Comparison of three aerosol representations of NHM-Chem (v1.0) for the simulations of air quality and climate-relevant variables
Mizuo Kajino,Makoto Deushi,Tsuyoshi Thomas Sekiyama,Naga Oshima,Keiya Yumimoto,Taichu Y Tanaka,Joseph Ching,Akihiro Hashimoto,Tetsuya Yamamoto,Masaaki Ikegami,Akane Kamada,Makoto Miyashita,Yayoi Inomata,Shin-ichiro Shima,Pradeep Khatri,Atsushi Shimizu,Hitoshi Irie,Kouji Adachi,Yuji Zaizen,Yasuhito Igarashi,Yasuhito Igarashi,Hiromasa Ueda,Takashi Maki,Masao Mikami +23 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the performance of the three-category and five-category non-equilibrium (Aitken, soot-free accumulation, SOOT-containing accumulation, dust, and sea salt) methods for regional-scale nonhydrostatic meteorology-chemistry model.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Study of Enhanced Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation in Simulated Deep Convective Clouds Observed During DC3
Azusa Takeishi,Trude Storelvmo +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the impacts of enhanced heterogeneous ice nucleation (HET) on the properties of deep convective clouds (DCCs) have been investigated in cloud-resolving simulations with the WRF-CHEM model.
Journal ArticleDOI
The aerosol-cloud-climate conundrum
TL;DR: In this article, the complexity of the atmospheric aerosol and its connection with clouds and climate are illustrated with a host of examples against the background of our present limited state of understanding and a discussion of related feedbacks demonstrates the difficulties of resolving all respective research issues.
Journal ArticleDOI
Geostatistical Methods for Filling Gaps in Level-3 Monthly-Mean Aerosol Optical Depth Data from Multi-Angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors demonstrate widely-used geostatistical techniques, such as Co-Kriging (CK) and Regression Kriging(RK), for spatially filling missing data in the MISR AOD product for the period 2001-2013.
References
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TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
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Aerosols, climate, and the hydrological cycle
TL;DR: Human activities are releasing tiny particles (aerosols) into the atmosphere that enhance scattering and absorption of solar radiation, which can lead to a weaker hydrological cycle, which connects directly to availability and quality of fresh water, a major environmental issue of the 21st century.
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Global indirect aerosol effects: a review
Ulrike Lohmann,Johann Feichter +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of aerosols on the climate system are discussed and different approaches how the climatic implications of these effects can be estimated globally as well as improvements that are needed in global climate models in order to better represent indirect aerosol effects are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate Effects of Black Carbon Aerosols in China and India
TL;DR: A global climate model used to investigate possible aerosol contributions to trends in China and India found precipitation and temperature changes in the model that were comparable to those observed if the aerosols included a large proportion of absorbing black carbon (“soot”), similar to observed amounts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inaugural Article by a Recently Elected Academy Member
Jian Xu,Jeffrey I. Gordon +1 more