Journal ArticleDOI
Flood or drought: How do aerosols affect precipitation?
Daniel Rosenfeld,Ulrike Lohmann,Graciela B. Raga,Colin D. O'Dowd,Markku Kulmala,Sandro Fuzzi,Anni Reissell,Meinrat O. Andreae +7 more
TLDR
A conceptual model is proposed that explains this apparent dichotomy of pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long-lived clouds and heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur.Abstract:
Aerosols serve as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and thus have a substantial effect on cloud properties and the initiation of precipitation. Large concentrations of human-made aerosols have been reported to both decrease and increase rainfall as a result of their radiative and CCN activities. At one extreme, pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long-lived clouds. On the other hand, heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur, if they can form at all given the reduced surface heating resulting from the aerosol haze layer. We propose a conceptual model that explains this apparent dichotomy.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
An Investigation of the Aerosol Indirect Effect on Convective Intensity Using Satellite Observations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used observations from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), CloudSat, and Aqua satellites to identify convective cloud systems in clean and dirty environments.
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Growth rates of fine aerosol particles at a site near Beijing in June 2013
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors investigated the growth of fine aerosol particles during the Aerosol-CCN-Cloud Closure Experiment campaign in June 2013 at an urban site near Beijing.
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Using different assumptions of aerosol mixing state and chemical composition to predict CCN concentrations based on field measurements in urban Beijing
Jingye Ren,Fang Zhang,Yuying Wang,Don R. Collins,Xinxin Fan,Xiaoai Jin,Weiqi Xu,Yele Sun,Maureen Cribb,Zhanqing Li,Zhanqing Li +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of aerosol chemical composition and mixing state on cloud condensation nuclei (CCNCCN) activity in polluted areas is studied. And the results show that the best closure is achieved with the assumption of size dependent chemical composition for which Sulfate, nitrate, secondary organic aerosols, and aged black carbon are internally mixed with each other but externally mixed with primary organic aerosol and fresh black carbon.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impact of urbanization on recent temperature and precipitation trends in the Korean peninsula
Jong-Seong Kug,Min-Seop Ahn +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated urbanization impacts on temperature and precipitation trends in Korean peninsula based on statistical relationship between these trends and local population growth, indicating that urbanization has a significant contribution to temperature increase in city climate.
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Large-scale effect of aerosols on precipitation in the West African Monsoon region
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used multi-year satellite observations to study aerosol effects on the large-scale variability in precipitation of the West African Monsoon (WAM) region, which is often impacted by high concentrations of desert dust and biomass burning smoke.
References
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TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
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Aerosols, climate, and the hydrological cycle
TL;DR: Human activities are releasing tiny particles (aerosols) into the atmosphere that enhance scattering and absorption of solar radiation, which can lead to a weaker hydrological cycle, which connects directly to availability and quality of fresh water, a major environmental issue of the 21st century.
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Global indirect aerosol effects: a review
Ulrike Lohmann,Johann Feichter +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of aerosols on the climate system are discussed and different approaches how the climatic implications of these effects can be estimated globally as well as improvements that are needed in global climate models in order to better represent indirect aerosol effects are discussed.
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Climate Effects of Black Carbon Aerosols in China and India
TL;DR: A global climate model used to investigate possible aerosol contributions to trends in China and India found precipitation and temperature changes in the model that were comparable to those observed if the aerosols included a large proportion of absorbing black carbon (“soot”), similar to observed amounts.
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Inaugural Article by a Recently Elected Academy Member
Jian Xu,Jeffrey I. Gordon +1 more