Journal ArticleDOI
Flood or drought: How do aerosols affect precipitation?
Daniel Rosenfeld,Ulrike Lohmann,Graciela B. Raga,Colin D. O'Dowd,Markku Kulmala,Sandro Fuzzi,Anni Reissell,Meinrat O. Andreae +7 more
TLDR
A conceptual model is proposed that explains this apparent dichotomy of pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long-lived clouds and heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur.Abstract:
Aerosols serve as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and thus have a substantial effect on cloud properties and the initiation of precipitation. Large concentrations of human-made aerosols have been reported to both decrease and increase rainfall as a result of their radiative and CCN activities. At one extreme, pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long-lived clouds. On the other hand, heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur, if they can form at all given the reduced surface heating resulting from the aerosol haze layer. We propose a conceptual model that explains this apparent dichotomy.read more
Citations
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Regional trends of aerosol optical depth and their impact on cloud properties over Southern India using MODIS data
K. Rama Gopal,K. Raja Obul Reddy,G. Balakrishnaiah,S.Md. Arafath,N. Siva Kumar Reddy,T. Chakradhar Rao,T. Lokeswara Reddy,R. Ramakrishna Reddy +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the spatial and temporal variations of aerosol optical properties and its impact on various properties of clouds over Southern India for the last ten years (2005-2014) by using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data retrieved from the onboard Terra and Aqua satellites.
Journal ArticleDOI
Change of precipitation intensity spectra at different spatial scales under warming conditions
Futing Wu,Congbin Fu,Congbin Fu +2 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the long-term change of the whole spectra of precipitation intensity in China was examined using observed daily data recorded at 477 surface stations for the period from 1961 to 2008.
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Indian summer monsoon drought 2009: role of aerosol and cloud microphysics
Anupam Hazra,Sourav Taraphdar,Madhuparna Halder,Samir Pokhrel,Hemantkumar S. Chaudhari,Kiran Salunke,Parthasarathi Mukhopadhyay,Suryachandra A. Rao +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors played a fundamental role in defining Indian summer monsoon (ISM) rainfall during drought of 2009, where anomalously negative precipitation was consistent with cloud properties and the interactive feedback between cloud microphysics and dynamics owing to reduced efficient cloud droplet growth, lesser latent heating release and shortage of water content.
Journal ArticleDOI
Atmospheric aerosol properties over the equatorial Indian Ocean and the impact of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation
H. Langley DeWitt,H. Langley DeWitt,Derek J. Coffman,Kristen J. Schulz,W. Alan Brewer,Timothy S. Bates,Patricia K. Quinn +6 more
TL;DR: The chemical, physical, and optical properties of sub-and super-micrometer aerosols over the equatorial Indian Ocean were measured on board the R/V Revelle during the fall 2011 Dynamics of the Madden-Julian Oscillation field campaign.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of fungal spores in ambient particulate matter: A study from the Himalayan region
Ashok Kumar,Arun K. Attri +1 more
TL;DR: The temporal profile of the spores showed significant correlation with the ambient temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), wind speed (WS) and planetary boundary layer (PBL) height, and strong correlation of WS with fungal spores and CPM, and wind back trajectories suggest that re-suspension and wind assisted transport of PM contributes to ambient CPM associatedfungal spores.
References
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疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]/Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
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Aerosols, climate, and the hydrological cycle
TL;DR: Human activities are releasing tiny particles (aerosols) into the atmosphere that enhance scattering and absorption of solar radiation, which can lead to a weaker hydrological cycle, which connects directly to availability and quality of fresh water, a major environmental issue of the 21st century.
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Global indirect aerosol effects: a review
Ulrike Lohmann,Johann Feichter +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of aerosols on the climate system are discussed and different approaches how the climatic implications of these effects can be estimated globally as well as improvements that are needed in global climate models in order to better represent indirect aerosol effects are discussed.
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Climate Effects of Black Carbon Aerosols in China and India
TL;DR: A global climate model used to investigate possible aerosol contributions to trends in China and India found precipitation and temperature changes in the model that were comparable to those observed if the aerosols included a large proportion of absorbing black carbon (“soot”), similar to observed amounts.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inaugural Article by a Recently Elected Academy Member
Jian Xu,Jeffrey I. Gordon +1 more