Journal ArticleDOI
Flood or drought: How do aerosols affect precipitation?
Daniel Rosenfeld,Ulrike Lohmann,Graciela B. Raga,Colin D. O'Dowd,Markku Kulmala,Sandro Fuzzi,Anni Reissell,Meinrat O. Andreae +7 more
TLDR
A conceptual model is proposed that explains this apparent dichotomy of pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long-lived clouds and heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur.Abstract:
Aerosols serve as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and thus have a substantial effect on cloud properties and the initiation of precipitation. Large concentrations of human-made aerosols have been reported to both decrease and increase rainfall as a result of their radiative and CCN activities. At one extreme, pristine tropical clouds with low CCN concentrations rain out too quickly to mature into long-lived clouds. On the other hand, heavily polluted clouds evaporate much of their water before precipitation can occur, if they can form at all given the reduced surface heating resulting from the aerosol haze layer. We propose a conceptual model that explains this apparent dichotomy.read more
Citations
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Effects of City Size on Thunderstorm Evolution Revealed through a Multiradar Climatology of the Central United States
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of city size on thunderstorm occurrence and strength around four cities: Dallas/Ft. Worth, TX; Minneapolis/St Paul, MN; Oklahoma City, OK; and Omaha, NE.
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Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Rainstorm-Induced Hazards Modified by Urbanization in Beijing
TL;DR: In this paper, a local model used to calculate rainstorm hazards index values (RHIVs) has been developed to reflect the degree of rainstorm-induced hazards in Beijing, and the probability analysis on the RHIVs of 20 rain gauge stations indicates that very extreme precipitation occurred in increasing frequency after 1984.
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Aerosol–cloud interactions in mixed-phase convective clouds – Part 2: Meteorological ensemble
Annette K. Miltenberger,Paul R. Field,Paul R. Field,Adrian Hill,Ben Shipway,Jonathan M. Wilkinson +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the relative contribution of variations in meteorological and aerosol initial and boundary conditions to the variability in modelled cloud properties is investigated with a high-resolution ensemble.
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The effect of mineral dust and soot aerosols on ice microphysics near the foothills of the Himalayas: A numerical investigation
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of different ice nuclei (IN) species and their number concentrations on cloud ice production was investigated using an explicit bulk-water microphysical scheme in a Mesoscale Meteorological Model version 5 (MM5).
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Analysis of aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions based on MODIS data
TL;DR: In this article, the spatial correlation between aerosol optical depth (AOD), cloud effective radius (CER) and precipitation during 2000-2012 in central-eastern China was analyzed.
References
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TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
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Aerosols, climate, and the hydrological cycle
TL;DR: Human activities are releasing tiny particles (aerosols) into the atmosphere that enhance scattering and absorption of solar radiation, which can lead to a weaker hydrological cycle, which connects directly to availability and quality of fresh water, a major environmental issue of the 21st century.
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Global indirect aerosol effects: a review
Ulrike Lohmann,Johann Feichter +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of aerosols on the climate system are discussed and different approaches how the climatic implications of these effects can be estimated globally as well as improvements that are needed in global climate models in order to better represent indirect aerosol effects are discussed.
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Climate Effects of Black Carbon Aerosols in China and India
TL;DR: A global climate model used to investigate possible aerosol contributions to trends in China and India found precipitation and temperature changes in the model that were comparable to those observed if the aerosols included a large proportion of absorbing black carbon (“soot”), similar to observed amounts.
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Inaugural Article by a Recently Elected Academy Member
Jian Xu,Jeffrey I. Gordon +1 more