Journal ArticleDOI
Generation and analysis of interleukin-4 deficient mice.
TLDR
Some but not all of the in vitro properties of IL-4 are critical for the physiology of the immune system in vivo, but the serum levels of IgG1 and IgE are strongly reduced.Abstract:
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) promotes the growth and differentiation of many hematopoietic cells in vitro; in particular, it directs the immunoglobulin (Ig) class switch to IgG1 and IgE. Mice homozygous for a mutation that inactivates the IL-4 gene were generated to test the requirement for IL-4 in vivo. In the mutant mice T and B cell development was normal, but the serum levels of IgG1 and IgE were strongly reduced. The IgG1 dominance in a T cell-dependent immune response was lost, and IgE was not detectable upon nematode infection. Thus, some but not all of the in vitro properties of IL-4 are critical for the physiology of the immune system in vivo.read more
Citations
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Vβ1+ Jβ1.1+/Vα2+ Jα49+ CD4+ T Cells Mediate Resistance against Infection with Blastomyces dermatitidis
TL;DR: The outgrowth of protective T-cell clones against immunodominant antigens of B. dermatitidis is biased by a combination of the TCR repertoire and Th1 cytokine production.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cells and Cytokines in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: New Insights from Mouse T Cell Transfer Models
TL;DR: This review focuses on recent advances in the understanding of the development of IBD obtained from adoptive CD4+ T cell transfer models of the disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
T cells modulate IL-4 expression by eosinophil recruitment within decellularized scaffolds to repair nerve defects
Deng Pan,Daniel A. Hunter,Lauren Schellhardt,Anja Fuchs,Alexandra E. Halevi,Alison K. Snyder-Warwick,Susan E. Mackinnon,Matthew D. Wood +7 more
TL;DR: It is shown that T cells accumulate within ANAs repairing nerve gaps resulting in regulation of cytokine expression within the ANA environment, which ultimately leads to robust nerve regeneration and functional recovery.
Journal ArticleDOI
High copy number I-Ab transgenes induce production of IgE through an interluekin 4-dependent mechanism
TL;DR: Data indicate that the primary defect caused by the transgene was to reduce the number of B cells in these mice, which was accompanied by a secondary increase in IL-4 production, which drove the remaining B cells toward the production of IgGl and IgE.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TH1 and TH2 cells: different patterns of lymphokine secretion lead to different functional properties.
Tim R. Mosmann,R L Coffman +1 more
TL;DR: Two types of cloned helper T cells are described, defined primarily by differences in the pattern of lymphokines ynthesized, and the different functions of the two types of cells and their lymphokine synthesis are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Site-directed mutagenesis by gene targeting in mouse embryo-derived stem cells.
Kirk R. Thomas,Mario R. Capecchi +1 more
TL;DR: This work mutated, by gene targeting, the endogenous hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) gene in mouse embryo-derived stem (ES) cells and compared the gene-targeting efficiencies of two classes of neor-Hprt recombinant vectors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Altering the genome by homologous recombination.
TL;DR: The current status of gene targeting with particular emphasis on germ line modification of the mouse genome is discussed, and the different methods so far employed to identify those rare embryonic stem cells in which the desired targeting event has occurred are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Myeloid leukaemia inhibitory factor maintains the developmental potential of embryonic stem cells
Rachel Williams,D J Hilton,S Pease,Tracy A. Willson,Colin L. Stewart,David P. Gearing,Erwin F. Wagner,D. Metcalf,Nicos A. Nicola,Nicholas M. Gough +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a recombinant myeloid leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) was used to replace DIA in the maintenance of totipotent ES cell lines that retain the potential to form chimaeric mice.
Journal ArticleDOI
Xenogeneic monoclonal antibodies to mouse lymphoid differentiation antigens.
TL;DR: This paper used hybridoma monoclonal antibodies obtained after immunization of mice with rat cells to study rat cell-surface antigens present on subpopulations of rat lymphocytes.
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