Journal ArticleDOI
Generation and analysis of interleukin-4 deficient mice.
TLDR
Some but not all of the in vitro properties of IL-4 are critical for the physiology of the immune system in vivo, but the serum levels of IgG1 and IgE are strongly reduced.Abstract:
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) promotes the growth and differentiation of many hematopoietic cells in vitro; in particular, it directs the immunoglobulin (Ig) class switch to IgG1 and IgE. Mice homozygous for a mutation that inactivates the IL-4 gene were generated to test the requirement for IL-4 in vivo. In the mutant mice T and B cell development was normal, but the serum levels of IgG1 and IgE were strongly reduced. The IgG1 dominance in a T cell-dependent immune response was lost, and IgE was not detectable upon nematode infection. Thus, some but not all of the in vitro properties of IL-4 are critical for the physiology of the immune system in vivo.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Regulation and Role of c-FLIP in Human Th Cell Differentiation
TL;DR: New insight is provided into the role of c-FLIP proteins in the early differentiation of human Th cells by studying the expression and functional role of three c- FLIP isoforms during the early Th cell differentiation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Use of secondarily revised VH genes in IgE antibodies produced in mice infected with the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis.
Naoki Kanayama,Chizu Hukue,Masaki Magari,Kazumasa Ohtani,Masaki Hikida,Minoru Yamada,Shinji Matsuda,Hitoshi Ohmori +7 more
TL;DR: Data suggest that Nb-induced IgE response in mice is not merely the result of polyclonal activation of B cells, but may involve a mechanism that revises Ig genes secondarily.
Journal ArticleDOI
INTERLEUKIN-7 RECEPTOR α CHAIN–DEPENDENT SIGNALING IS REQUIRED FOR T-CELL DEVELOPMENT: Basis for T−B+NK+Severe Combined Immunodeficiencies in Humans
Anne Puel,Warren J. Leonard +1 more
TL;DR: The most common form of SCID is X-linked SCID (XSCID) as discussed by the authors, which is characterized by a marked decrease in T cells, as previously defined.
Roles of Th2 and Th17 CD4+ t-helper cell cytokines in the pathogenesis of experimental cytomegalovirus retinitis
TL;DR: It is concluded that MCMV‐induced IL‐17 downregulation occurs via the stimulation of IL‐10 and the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)‐3, and adds new information to the immunobiology of HCMV and to the basic understanding of the pathogenesis of AIDS‐ related H CMV retinitis.
Journal ArticleDOI
GANRA-5 protects mice from X-ray irradiation-induced dysfunction of the immune system.
Tingting Liu,Hailong Pei,D Xu,Yueqing Zhang,J Wan,Xiaojun Wu,Xiaowei Zhang,F Sun,Jinpeng He,Ping Li,N Tian,Jun Wang,Wei Chen,Guangmin Zhou +13 more
TL;DR: Findings indicate that GANRA-5 provides effective protection to the immune system against X-ray-induced immunosuppression.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TH1 and TH2 cells: different patterns of lymphokine secretion lead to different functional properties.
Tim R. Mosmann,R L Coffman +1 more
TL;DR: Two types of cloned helper T cells are described, defined primarily by differences in the pattern of lymphokines ynthesized, and the different functions of the two types of cells and their lymphokine synthesis are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Site-directed mutagenesis by gene targeting in mouse embryo-derived stem cells.
Kirk R. Thomas,Mario R. Capecchi +1 more
TL;DR: This work mutated, by gene targeting, the endogenous hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) gene in mouse embryo-derived stem (ES) cells and compared the gene-targeting efficiencies of two classes of neor-Hprt recombinant vectors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Altering the genome by homologous recombination.
TL;DR: The current status of gene targeting with particular emphasis on germ line modification of the mouse genome is discussed, and the different methods so far employed to identify those rare embryonic stem cells in which the desired targeting event has occurred are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Myeloid leukaemia inhibitory factor maintains the developmental potential of embryonic stem cells
Rachel Williams,D J Hilton,S Pease,Tracy A. Willson,Colin L. Stewart,David P. Gearing,Erwin F. Wagner,D. Metcalf,Nicos A. Nicola,Nicholas M. Gough +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a recombinant myeloid leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) was used to replace DIA in the maintenance of totipotent ES cell lines that retain the potential to form chimaeric mice.
Journal ArticleDOI
Xenogeneic monoclonal antibodies to mouse lymphoid differentiation antigens.
TL;DR: This paper used hybridoma monoclonal antibodies obtained after immunization of mice with rat cells to study rat cell-surface antigens present on subpopulations of rat lymphocytes.
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