Journal ArticleDOI
Generation and analysis of interleukin-4 deficient mice.
TLDR
Some but not all of the in vitro properties of IL-4 are critical for the physiology of the immune system in vivo, but the serum levels of IgG1 and IgE are strongly reduced.Abstract:
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) promotes the growth and differentiation of many hematopoietic cells in vitro; in particular, it directs the immunoglobulin (Ig) class switch to IgG1 and IgE. Mice homozygous for a mutation that inactivates the IL-4 gene were generated to test the requirement for IL-4 in vivo. In the mutant mice T and B cell development was normal, but the serum levels of IgG1 and IgE were strongly reduced. The IgG1 dominance in a T cell-dependent immune response was lost, and IgE was not detectable upon nematode infection. Thus, some but not all of the in vitro properties of IL-4 are critical for the physiology of the immune system in vivo.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Cytokines Induce the Development of Functionally Heterogeneous T Helper Cell Subsets
TL;DR: I would like to thank Bob Coffman, Thierry von der Weid, Nancy Hosken, Amy Beebe, Steve Hurst, and Douglas Robinson for useful suggestions and discussion and Lewis Lanier for critical reviewing of the mansucript.
Journal ArticleDOI
Early lymphocyte expansion is severely impaired in interleukin 7 receptor-deficient mice.
J J Peschon,Philip J. Morrissey,Kenneth H. Grabstein,F J Ramsdell,E Maraskovsky,Brian C. Gliniak,L S Park,Steven F. Ziegler,D E Williams,C B Ware,J. Meyer,B L Davison +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of IL-7 and its receptor during B and T cell development by generating mice genetically deficient in IL7R was examined and it was shown that the phase of thymocyte expansion occurring before the onset of T cell receptor gene rearrangement is critically dependent upon, and mediated by the high affinity receptor for IL7.
Journal ArticleDOI
Deletion of a DNA polymerase beta gene segment in T cells using cell type-specific gene targeting
TL;DR: This work has shown that with the use of the bacteriophage-derived, site-specific recombinase Cre in a transgenic approach, the same mutation can be selectively introduced into a particular cellular compartment-in this case, T cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Essential role of Stat6 in IL-4 signalling
Kiyoshi Takeda,Takashi Tanaka,Wei Shi,Makoto Matsumoto,Masashi Minami,Shin-ichiro Kashiwamura,Kenji Nakanishi,Nobuaki Yoshida,Tadamitsu Kishimoto,Shizuo Akira +9 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that Stat6 plays a central role in exerting IL-4-mediated biological responses, and production of Th2 cytokines from T cells as well as IgE and IgGl responses after nematode infection were profoundly reduced.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lymphopenia in interleukin (IL)-7 gene-deleted mice identifies IL-7 as a nonredundant cytokine.
TL;DR: The IL-7-deficient mice are the first example of single cytokine- deficient mice that exhibit severe lymphoid abnormalities and data show that proper T and B cell development is dependent on IL- 7.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TH1 and TH2 cells: different patterns of lymphokine secretion lead to different functional properties.
Tim R. Mosmann,R L Coffman +1 more
TL;DR: Two types of cloned helper T cells are described, defined primarily by differences in the pattern of lymphokines ynthesized, and the different functions of the two types of cells and their lymphokine synthesis are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Site-directed mutagenesis by gene targeting in mouse embryo-derived stem cells.
Kirk R. Thomas,Mario R. Capecchi +1 more
TL;DR: This work mutated, by gene targeting, the endogenous hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) gene in mouse embryo-derived stem (ES) cells and compared the gene-targeting efficiencies of two classes of neor-Hprt recombinant vectors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Altering the genome by homologous recombination.
TL;DR: The current status of gene targeting with particular emphasis on germ line modification of the mouse genome is discussed, and the different methods so far employed to identify those rare embryonic stem cells in which the desired targeting event has occurred are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Myeloid leukaemia inhibitory factor maintains the developmental potential of embryonic stem cells
Rachel Williams,D J Hilton,S Pease,Tracy A. Willson,Colin L. Stewart,David P. Gearing,Erwin F. Wagner,D. Metcalf,Nicos A. Nicola,Nicholas M. Gough +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a recombinant myeloid leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) was used to replace DIA in the maintenance of totipotent ES cell lines that retain the potential to form chimaeric mice.
Journal ArticleDOI
Xenogeneic monoclonal antibodies to mouse lymphoid differentiation antigens.
TL;DR: This paper used hybridoma monoclonal antibodies obtained after immunization of mice with rat cells to study rat cell-surface antigens present on subpopulations of rat lymphocytes.
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