Journal ArticleDOI
Generation and analysis of interleukin-4 deficient mice.
TLDR
Some but not all of the in vitro properties of IL-4 are critical for the physiology of the immune system in vivo, but the serum levels of IgG1 and IgE are strongly reduced.Abstract:
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) promotes the growth and differentiation of many hematopoietic cells in vitro; in particular, it directs the immunoglobulin (Ig) class switch to IgG1 and IgE. Mice homozygous for a mutation that inactivates the IL-4 gene were generated to test the requirement for IL-4 in vivo. In the mutant mice T and B cell development was normal, but the serum levels of IgG1 and IgE were strongly reduced. The IgG1 dominance in a T cell-dependent immune response was lost, and IgE was not detectable upon nematode infection. Thus, some but not all of the in vitro properties of IL-4 are critical for the physiology of the immune system in vivo.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Novel cis-regulatory function in ICR-mediated imprinted repression of H19.
Folami Y. Ideraabdullah,Lara K. Abramowitz,Joanne L. Thorvaldsen,Christopher Krapp,Sherry C. Wen,Nora Engel,Marisa S. Bartolomei +6 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated, for the first time in vivo, that sequence outside of CTCF sites at the ICR is required in cis for ICR-mediated imprinted repression at the H19/Igf2 locus.
Journal ArticleDOI
A novel gene trapping for identifying genes expressed under the control of specific transcription factors.
TL;DR: The results indicate that trapped ES clones could be selected effectively using transcription factors and implicated their functional relationships to Foxa2 in the formation of the notochord and the neural tube.
Journal ArticleDOI
Responses of human birch pollen allergen-reactive T cells to chemically modified allergens (allergoids)
TL;DR: Allergoids are widely used in specific immunotherapy for the treatment of IgE‐mediated allergic diseases and in combination with other drugs to treat asthma and other allergic diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
M17, a gene specific for germinal center (GC) B cells and a prognostic marker for GC B-cell lymphomas, is dispensable for the GC reaction in mice
Dominik Schenten,Angela Egert,Angela Egert,Angela Egert,Manolis Pasparakis,Manolis Pasparakis,Manolis Pasparakis,Klaus Rajewsky,Klaus Rajewsky,Klaus Rajewsky +9 more
TL;DR: HGAL homologue M17 is dispensable for the GC reaction, and its potential function in the pathogenesis of DLBCL remains elusive.
Book ChapterDOI
The role of cytokines in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
TL;DR: Some of the recent developments in the field of cytokine research that relate to this model of human disease, focusing principally on disease induced with the autoantigens myelin proteolipid protein and myelin oligodendrocyte protein, are summarized.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TH1 and TH2 cells: different patterns of lymphokine secretion lead to different functional properties.
Tim R. Mosmann,R L Coffman +1 more
TL;DR: Two types of cloned helper T cells are described, defined primarily by differences in the pattern of lymphokines ynthesized, and the different functions of the two types of cells and their lymphokine synthesis are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Site-directed mutagenesis by gene targeting in mouse embryo-derived stem cells.
Kirk R. Thomas,Mario R. Capecchi +1 more
TL;DR: This work mutated, by gene targeting, the endogenous hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) gene in mouse embryo-derived stem (ES) cells and compared the gene-targeting efficiencies of two classes of neor-Hprt recombinant vectors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Altering the genome by homologous recombination.
TL;DR: The current status of gene targeting with particular emphasis on germ line modification of the mouse genome is discussed, and the different methods so far employed to identify those rare embryonic stem cells in which the desired targeting event has occurred are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Myeloid leukaemia inhibitory factor maintains the developmental potential of embryonic stem cells
Rachel Williams,D J Hilton,S Pease,Tracy A. Willson,Colin L. Stewart,David P. Gearing,Erwin F. Wagner,D. Metcalf,Nicos A. Nicola,Nicholas M. Gough +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a recombinant myeloid leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) was used to replace DIA in the maintenance of totipotent ES cell lines that retain the potential to form chimaeric mice.
Journal ArticleDOI
Xenogeneic monoclonal antibodies to mouse lymphoid differentiation antigens.
TL;DR: This paper used hybridoma monoclonal antibodies obtained after immunization of mice with rat cells to study rat cell-surface antigens present on subpopulations of rat lymphocytes.
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