Journal ArticleDOI
Generation and analysis of interleukin-4 deficient mice.
TLDR
Some but not all of the in vitro properties of IL-4 are critical for the physiology of the immune system in vivo, but the serum levels of IgG1 and IgE are strongly reduced.Abstract:
Interleukin-4 (IL-4) promotes the growth and differentiation of many hematopoietic cells in vitro; in particular, it directs the immunoglobulin (Ig) class switch to IgG1 and IgE. Mice homozygous for a mutation that inactivates the IL-4 gene were generated to test the requirement for IL-4 in vivo. In the mutant mice T and B cell development was normal, but the serum levels of IgG1 and IgE were strongly reduced. The IgG1 dominance in a T cell-dependent immune response was lost, and IgE was not detectable upon nematode infection. Thus, some but not all of the in vitro properties of IL-4 are critical for the physiology of the immune system in vivo.read more
Citations
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Book ChapterDOI
γδ T Cells and B Cells.
TL;DR: It became clear that γδ T cells influence B cell differentiation during the peripheral stages of B cell development, control levels of circulating immunoglobulin (all subclasses), and affect production of autoantibodies.
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Genetically modified animals and immunodeficiency
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Histamine Content and Secretion in Basophils and Mast Cells
TL;DR: Development and application of a new enzyme-affinity method to detect histamine at high magnifications in well-preserved ultrastructural samples have provided the necessary means to establish proof that appropriate secretagogues can stimulate the vesicular transport of histamine in basophils and mast cells during release reactions monitored biochemically.
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Natural and vaccine-mediated immunity to Salmonella typhimurium is impaired by the helminth Nippostrongylus brasiliensis
Saeeda Bobat,Matthew Darby,Dunja Mrdjen,Charlotte N. Cook,Erin Logan,Jennifer Auret,Elizabeth Jones,Corinna Schnoeller,Adriana Flores-Langarica,Ewan A. Ross,Alykhan Vira,Constantino López-Macías,Ian R. Henderson,James Alexander,Frank Brombacher,William G. C. Horsnell,Adam F. Cunningham +16 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that co-infection can radically alter the development of protective immunity during natural infection and in response to immunization and prior Nb infection may modulate the induction of protective antibody responses to vaccination.
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Ethyl acetate extract of Psidium guajava inhibits IgE-mediated allergic responses by blocking FcεRI signaling.
Eun Hee Han,Yong Pil Hwang,Hyung Gyun Kim,Jin Hee Park,Jae Ho Choi,Jae Ho Choi,Ji Hye Im,Ji Hye Im,Tilak Khanal,Bong Hwan Park,Ji Hye Yang,Jun Min Choi,Sung-Sik Chun,Jong Kwon Seo,Young Chul Chung,Hye Gwang Jeong +15 more
TL;DR: The anti-allergic effects of PGEA in vitro suggest its possible therapeutic application to inflammatory allergic diseases, in which its inhibition of inflammatory cytokine production and FcεRI-dependent signaling events in mast cells may be hugely beneficial.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TH1 and TH2 cells: different patterns of lymphokine secretion lead to different functional properties.
Tim R. Mosmann,R L Coffman +1 more
TL;DR: Two types of cloned helper T cells are described, defined primarily by differences in the pattern of lymphokines ynthesized, and the different functions of the two types of cells and their lymphokine synthesis are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Site-directed mutagenesis by gene targeting in mouse embryo-derived stem cells.
Kirk R. Thomas,Mario R. Capecchi +1 more
TL;DR: This work mutated, by gene targeting, the endogenous hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) gene in mouse embryo-derived stem (ES) cells and compared the gene-targeting efficiencies of two classes of neor-Hprt recombinant vectors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Altering the genome by homologous recombination.
TL;DR: The current status of gene targeting with particular emphasis on germ line modification of the mouse genome is discussed, and the different methods so far employed to identify those rare embryonic stem cells in which the desired targeting event has occurred are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Myeloid leukaemia inhibitory factor maintains the developmental potential of embryonic stem cells
Rachel Williams,D J Hilton,S Pease,Tracy A. Willson,Colin L. Stewart,David P. Gearing,Erwin F. Wagner,D. Metcalf,Nicos A. Nicola,Nicholas M. Gough +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a recombinant myeloid leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) was used to replace DIA in the maintenance of totipotent ES cell lines that retain the potential to form chimaeric mice.
Journal ArticleDOI
Xenogeneic monoclonal antibodies to mouse lymphoid differentiation antigens.
TL;DR: This paper used hybridoma monoclonal antibodies obtained after immunization of mice with rat cells to study rat cell-surface antigens present on subpopulations of rat lymphocytes.
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