Journal ArticleDOI
Nanopore sensors for nucleic acid analysis
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TLDR
This article reviews the use of nanopore technology in DNA sequencing, genetics and medical diagnostics and suggests that nanopore-based sensors could be competitive with other third-generation DNA sequencing technologies.Abstract:
Nanopore analysis is an emerging technique that involves using a voltage to drive molecules through a nanoscale pore in a membrane between two electrolytes, and monitoring how the ionic current through the nanopore changes as single molecules pass through it. This approach allows charged polymers (including single-stranded DNA, double-stranded DNA and RNA) to be analysed with subnanometre resolution and without the need for labels or amplification. Recent advances suggest that nanopore-based sensors could be competitive with other third-generation DNA sequencing technologies, and may be able to rapidly and reliably sequence the human genome for under $1,000. In this article we review the use of nanopore technology in DNA sequencing, genetics and medical diagnostics.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Solid-state nanopore sensors
Liang Xue,Hirohito Yamazaki,Hirohito Yamazaki,Ren Ren,Meni Wanunu,Aleksandar P. Ivanov,Joshua B. Edel +6 more
Abstract: Nanopore-based sensors have established themselves as a prominent tool for solution-based, single-molecule analysis of the key building blocks of life, including nucleic acids, proteins, glycans and a large pool of biomolecules that have an essential role in life and healthcare. The predominant molecular readout method is based on measuring the temporal fluctuations in the ionic current through the pore. Recent advances in materials science and surface chemistries have not only enabled more robust and sensitive devices but also facilitated alternative detection modalities based on field-effect transistors, quantum tunnelling and optical methods such as fluorescence and plasmonic sensing. In this Review, we discuss recent advances in nanopore fabrication and sensing strategies that endow nanopores not only with sensitivity but also with selectivity and high throughput, and highlight some of the challenges that still need to be addressed. Nanopore sensors enable the solution-based analysis of nucleic acids, proteins and other biomolecules at the single-molecule level. This Review discusses new fabrication and sensing strategies — including field-effect transistors, quantum tunnelling and optical methods — that enhance the sensitivity and selectivity of nanopores.
Journal ArticleDOI
Centimetre-scale micropore alignment in oriented polycrystalline metal-organic framework films via heteroepitaxial growth
Paolo Falcaro,Kenji Okada,Kenji Okada,Takaaki Hara,Ken Ikigaki,Yasuaki Tokudome,Aaron W. Thornton,Anita J. Hill,Tim Williams,Christian J. Doonan,Masahide Takahashi +10 more
TL;DR: This work reports a one-step approach that exploits heteroepitaxial growth for the rapid fabrication of oriented polycrystalline MOF films on the centimetre scale and demonstrates that an anisotropic crystalline morphology can translate to a functional property.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Beauty and Utility of DNA Origami
TL;DR: This review focuses on fundamental advances in DNA origami design and its emerging applications and considers the highly interdisciplinary nature of DNA nanotechnology, many works in the field do not fall within clearly defined boundaries.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecule-hugging graphene nanopores
TL;DR: This work fabricated nanopores in single-layer graphene that are closely matched to the diameter of a double-stranded DNA molecule, and modeling confirms that the most closely matched pores have an inherent resolution of ≤0.6 nm along the length of the molecule.
Journal ArticleDOI
Synthesis, Assembly, and Applications of Hybrid Nanostructures for Biosensing
TL;DR: This review summarizes recent advances in the synthesis, assembly, and applications of nanoengineered reporting and transducing components critical for efficient biosensing, and envision the exciting potential of high-performance nanomaterials that will cause disruptive improvements in the field of biosensing.
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TL;DR: A public database of common variation in the human genome: more than one million single nucleotide polymorphisms for which accurate and complete genotypes have been obtained in 269 DNA samples from four populations, including ten 500-kilobase regions in which essentially all information about common DNA variation has been extracted.
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