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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Organization and Ca2+ Regulation of Adenylyl Cyclases in cAMP Microdomains

Debbie Willoughby, +1 more
- 01 Jul 2007 - 
- Vol. 87, Iss: 3, pp 965-1010
TLDR
The regulation of many of the ACs by the ubiquitous second messenger Ca(2+) provides an overarching mechanism for integrating the activities of these two major signaling systems, and cAMP will exhibit distinct kinetics in discrete cellular domains.
Abstract
The adenylyl cyclases are variously regulated by G protein subunits, a number of serine/threonine and tyrosine protein kinases, and Ca2+. In some physiological situations, this regulation can be re...

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Citations
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Principles of c-di-GMP signalling in bacteria.

TL;DR: This Review focuses on emerging principles of c-di-GMP signalling using selected systems in different bacteria as examples.
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A Coupled SYSTEM of Intracellular Ca2+ Clocks and Surface Membrane Voltage Clocks Controls the Timekeeping Mechanism of the Heart’s Pacemaker

TL;DR: Evidence is examined that forms the basis of this coupled-clock system concept in cardiac SANCs, where G protein-coupled receptors signaling creates pacemaker flexibility, ie, effects changes in the rhythmic action potential firing rate, by impacting on these very same factors that regulate robust basal coupled- clock system function.
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Caveolae as Organizers of Pharmacologically Relevant Signal Transduction Molecules

TL;DR: The role of Caveolae/caveolin in cardiac and pulmonary pathophysiology, pharmacologic implications of caveolar localization of signaling molecules, and the possibility that caveolae might serve as a therapeutic target are reviewed.
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Underpinning compartmentalised cAMP signalling through targeted cAMP breakdown

TL;DR: Genes for these important regulatory enzymes are linked to schizophrenia, stroke and asthma, thus indicating the therapeutic potential that selective inhibitors could have as anti-inflammatory, anti-depressant and cognitive enhancer agents.
Journal ArticleDOI

Physiological roles for G protein-regulated adenylyl cyclase isoforms: insights from knockout and overexpression studies.

TL;DR: The latest on AC knockout and overexpression studies are explored to better understand the roles of G protein regulation of ACs in the brain, olfactory bulb, and heart.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Protein phosphatase 2A is associated with class C L-type calcium channels (Cav1.2) and antagonizes channel phosphorylation by cAMP-dependent protein kinase.

TL;DR: These findings demonstrate that both PKA and PP2A are integral components of the class C L-type Ca2+ channel that determine the phosphorylation level of serine 1928 and thereby channel activity.
Journal ArticleDOI

The calmodulin binding domain of nitric oxide synthase and adenylyl cyclase

TL;DR: The highest affinity cal modulin binding site of the calmodulin-dependent adenylyl cyclase was assigned to peptide AC-28 (amino acids 495-522) by titration with dansylcalmodulin and by the ability to inhibit the calModulin-stimulated activity of purified calmodul- Stimulated adenyll cyclase.
Journal ArticleDOI

Functional Co-localization of Transfected Ca2+-stimulable Adenylyl Cyclases with Capacitative Ca2+ Entry Sites

TL;DR: Three adenylyl cyclases were heterologously expressed in HEK 293 cells, and conditions were devised that distinguished capacitative Ca2+ entry from both internal release and nonspecific elevation in [Ca2+]i around the plasma membrane, suggesting a quite unsuspected, essential association of Ca2+.
Journal ArticleDOI

Bicarbonate-responsive soluble adenylyl cyclase defines a nuclear cAMP microdomain

TL;DR: The existence of this complete and functional, nuclear-localized cAMP pathway establishes that cAMP signals in intracellular microdomains and identifies an alternate pathway leading to CREB activation.
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