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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Organization and Ca2+ Regulation of Adenylyl Cyclases in cAMP Microdomains

Debbie Willoughby, +1 more
- 01 Jul 2007 - 
- Vol. 87, Iss: 3, pp 965-1010
TLDR
The regulation of many of the ACs by the ubiquitous second messenger Ca(2+) provides an overarching mechanism for integrating the activities of these two major signaling systems, and cAMP will exhibit distinct kinetics in discrete cellular domains.
Abstract
The adenylyl cyclases are variously regulated by G protein subunits, a number of serine/threonine and tyrosine protein kinases, and Ca2+. In some physiological situations, this regulation can be re...

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PLCδ: Johnny-come-lately to ORAI and the ups and downs of calcium signalling

TL;DR: Ca2+ selective store-independent arachidonate-regulated Ca2+ (ARC) channel turned out to be regulated by STIM1 and encoded by heteromultimers of Orai1 and ORAi3 (Shuttleworth, 2009).
Journal ArticleDOI

Adenylyl cyclase 4 does not regulate collecting duct water and sodium handling

TL;DR: CD AC4 does not play a role in the physiologic regulation of CD Na and water handling, and there were no differences in plasma AVP or plasma renin concentration between CD AC4 KO and control mice.
Journal ArticleDOI

Interferon-gamma inhibits adenosine A2A receptor function in hepatic stellate cells by STAT1-mediated repression of adenylyl cyclase.

TL;DR: IFNγ inhibits the function of the adenosine A2A receptor in hepatic stellate cells by downregulating the expression of adenylyl cyclase, which explains, at least in part, the protective effect of IFNγ in hepatatic fibrosis.
Journal ArticleDOI

Gsα stimulation of mammalian adenylate cyclases regulated by their hexahelical membrane anchors.

TL;DR: It is reported that Gsα stimulation of human AC isoforms 2, 3, 5, and 9 expressed in Sf9 cells is inhibited by serum as is AC activity in membranes isolated from rat brain cortex, and a mechanistic three state model of AC regulation is presented compatible with all known regulatory inputs into mammalian ACs.
Journal ArticleDOI

Molecular context of Schistosoma mansoni transmission in the molluscan environments: A mini-review.

TL;DR: This paper presents a concise exposition of the cellular, biochemical, genetic and immunological dynamics of the complex and statge-by-stage interactions between the parasite and its vector in their aquatic environment and highlights the possible crosstalk between the parasites' intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase during the intramolluscan stage.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Lipid rafts and signal transduction

TL;DR: It is now becoming clear that lipid micro-environments on the cell surface — known as lipid rafts — also take part in this process of signalling transduction, where protein–protein interactions result in the activation of signalling cascades.
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Store-operated calcium channels.

TL;DR: The key electrophysiological features of I(CRAC) and other store-operated Ca(2+) currents and how they are regulated are described, and recent advances that have shed insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in this ubiquitous and vital Ca( 2+) entry pathway are considered.
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Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases: functional implications of multiple isoforms

TL;DR: This article reviews many of the more important aspects about the structure, cellular localization, and regulation of each family of phosphodiesterases and places particular emphasis on new information obtained in the last few years about how differential expression andregulation of individual phosphodiesters relate to their function(s) in the body.
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The role of hormone receptors and GTP-regulatory proteins in membrane transduction

TL;DR: Cell membrane receptors for hormones and neurotransmitters form oligomeric complexes with GTP-regulatory proteins and inhibit the latter from reacting with G TP, and this theory may apply generally to membrane signal transduction involving surface receptors.
Journal ArticleDOI

Lipid Rafts: Elusive or Illusive?

TL;DR: There has been considerable recent interest in the possibility that the plasma membrane contains lipid "rafts," microdomains enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids, and it seems that a definitive proof of raft existence has yet to be obtained.
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