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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Organization and Ca2+ Regulation of Adenylyl Cyclases in cAMP Microdomains

Debbie Willoughby, +1 more
- 01 Jul 2007 - 
- Vol. 87, Iss: 3, pp 965-1010
TLDR
The regulation of many of the ACs by the ubiquitous second messenger Ca(2+) provides an overarching mechanism for integrating the activities of these two major signaling systems, and cAMP will exhibit distinct kinetics in discrete cellular domains.
Abstract
The adenylyl cyclases are variously regulated by G protein subunits, a number of serine/threonine and tyrosine protein kinases, and Ca2+. In some physiological situations, this regulation can be re...

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Different cAMP sources are critically involved in G protein-coupled receptor CRHR1 signaling

TL;DR: It is shown that only sAC activity is essential for internalization-dependent cAMP and sustained ERK1/2 activation responses, revealing a functional association between sAC-generated cAMPand endosome-based G protein–coupled receptor signaling.
Journal ArticleDOI

Direct demonstration of discrete Ca2+ microdomains associated with different isoforms of adenylyl cyclase.

TL;DR: Data reveal that different AC isoforms localize to distinct Ca2+-microdomains within the plasma membrane, which provides a remarkable insight into the functional organization of signalling microdomains.
Journal ArticleDOI

A plasma membrane microdomain compartmentalizes ephrin-generated cAMP signals to prune developing retinal axon arbors.

TL;DR: A role for lipid rafts is reported in generating domains of local cAMP signalling in axonal growth cones downstream of ephrin-A repulsive guidance cues, indicating the subcellular organization of intracellular cAMP signaling shaping axonal arbors during the nervous system development.
Journal ArticleDOI

Regulation of microRNA-375 by cAMP in Pancreatic β-Cells

TL;DR: It is shown that microRNA-375 is transcriptionally repressed by the cAMP-protein kinase A (PKA) pathway and that this repression is mediated through a block in RNA polymerase II binding to the miR-375 promoter.
Journal ArticleDOI

Distinct mechanisms of regulation by Ca2+/calmodulin of type 1 and 8 adenylyl cyclases support their different physiological roles.

TL;DR: Different patterns of regulation and Ca2+ dependence of AC1 and AC8 seems to emanate from their mode of regulation by CaM, which may contribute significantly to the divergent physiological roles in which these ACs have been implicated.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Lipid rafts and signal transduction

TL;DR: It is now becoming clear that lipid micro-environments on the cell surface — known as lipid rafts — also take part in this process of signalling transduction, where protein–protein interactions result in the activation of signalling cascades.
Journal ArticleDOI

Store-operated calcium channels.

TL;DR: The key electrophysiological features of I(CRAC) and other store-operated Ca(2+) currents and how they are regulated are described, and recent advances that have shed insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in this ubiquitous and vital Ca( 2+) entry pathway are considered.
Journal ArticleDOI

Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases: functional implications of multiple isoforms

TL;DR: This article reviews many of the more important aspects about the structure, cellular localization, and regulation of each family of phosphodiesterases and places particular emphasis on new information obtained in the last few years about how differential expression andregulation of individual phosphodiesters relate to their function(s) in the body.
Journal ArticleDOI

The role of hormone receptors and GTP-regulatory proteins in membrane transduction

TL;DR: Cell membrane receptors for hormones and neurotransmitters form oligomeric complexes with GTP-regulatory proteins and inhibit the latter from reacting with G TP, and this theory may apply generally to membrane signal transduction involving surface receptors.
Journal ArticleDOI

Lipid Rafts: Elusive or Illusive?

TL;DR: There has been considerable recent interest in the possibility that the plasma membrane contains lipid "rafts," microdomains enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids, and it seems that a definitive proof of raft existence has yet to be obtained.
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