Bowling Green State University

About: Bowling Green State University is a education organization based out in Bowling Green, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 8315 authors who have published 16042 publications receiving 482564 citations. The organization is also known as: BGSU.

Religious Coping in Families of Children with Autism

Abstract: We assessed the role of religion in the coping of families of children with autism. Forty-five parents completed the Brief RCOPE; identified stressors of autism; and completed measures of psycholog...

Religious Coping and Physiological, Psychological, Social, and Spiritual Outcomes in Patients with HIV/AIDS: Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Findings

Abstract: The present study investigated the relationships between positive religious coping (e.g., seeking spiritual support) and spiritual struggle (e.g., anger at God) versus viral load, CD4 count, quality of life, HIV symptoms, depression, self-esteem, social support, and spiritual well-being in 429 patients with HIV/AIDS. Data were collected through patient interview and chart review at baseline and 12-18 months later from four clinical sites. At baseline, positive religious coping was associated with positive outcomes while spiritual struggle was associated with negative outcomes. In addition, high levels of positive religious coping and low levels of spiritual struggle were associated with small but significant improvements over time. These results have implications for assessing religious coping and designing interventions targeting spiritual struggle in patients with HIV/AIDS.

Beliefs about Teaching Science: The relationship between elementary teachers’ participation in professional development and student achievement

Abstract: Because of increasing calls for school accountability, an increased emphasis placed on the role of the teacher, and theoretical connections between teacher beliefs and classroom action, a critical need exists to examine teacher professional development programs to determine their impact on teacher belief systems, teaching practices, and student learning. The primary goal of this study was to assess elementary teachers’ science teaching efficacy as they participated in a large-scale professional development program and to determine the relationship of these beliefs with student learning. It was found that elementary teachers who participated in a long-term, intense (over 100 contact hours annually) science professional development program displayed significant gains in their science teaching self-efficacy. Several background variables were found to be predictive of teacher beliefs including how often teachers spend teaching science. Males tended to display more positive beliefs than their female counterpar...

Brain systems for the mediation of social separation-distress and social-reward. Evolutionary antecedents and neuropeptide intermediaries.

Abstract: During the first year of life, human infants display affiliative behaviors and form “attachment bonds” with their caregivers. These bonds are manifested through selective approach and interaction with certain individuals who provide a “secure base” for other life activities, and various signs of separation-distress along with an emerging fear of strangers when isolation from such sources of support is perceived. Social reunion rapidly dissipates this type of emotional distress. The only way to understand the deep neural nature of such emotional systems is through appropriate animal models which can be employed to unravel the underlying brain substrates that are shared, to some extent, by all mammals. Research precedents for the existence of attachment systems in the brain, such as those proposed by Kraemer’ and Panksepp,* were established by the well known behavioral research programs of Harlow3 and Scott,” who demonstrated that social motivation and social bonding could arise independently of the reinforcing effects of basic rewards such as food and, by inference, all other conventional regulatory sources of gratification. Social bonding was argued to rely more critically on “social” stimuli (namely, stimuli that emanate from living beings) such as bodily warmth, the comforts of touch, and various dynamic movements and odors of social interaction. Although the potential modulatory role of conventional rewards in the elaboration of social attachments remains to be fully evaluated and hence may still be of demonstrable importance, the prevailing wisdom is that social bonding can proceed independently of those factors. Accordingly, Bowlby’ commandingly argued that mother-infant attachment bonds, based as they are on a sense of security and emotional trust as well as satisfaction arising from social contact, provide the foundation for all subse-