Bowling Green State University

About: Bowling Green State University is a education organization based out in Bowling Green, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 8315 authors who have published 16042 publications receiving 482564 citations. The organization is also known as: BGSU.

A Survey of Proper-Motion Stars. XIV. Spectroscopic Binaries among Metal-poor Field Blue Stragglers

Abstract: We summarize the results from a program of monitoring the radial velocities of 10 metal-poor, high-velocity field stars whose colors are 0.01 to 0.13 mag bluer than main-sequence turnoffs of comparable-metallicity globular clusters. Two of the candidate halo blue stragglers (BD +72 94 and BD +40 1166) show no signs of velocity variability, one (HD 84937) shows only weak signs of variability, one (BD +25 1981) appears to be a very long-period binary, and six (BD -12 2669, HD 97916, HD 106516, BD +51 1817, G66-30, and G202-65) are single-lined spectroscopic binaries, with periods ranging from 167 to 844 days. Velocity coverage for the four candidates without orbital solutions ranges from 15.9 to 19.0 years. The orbital eccentricities are all low, e < 0.30 and e = 0.11. Five of the six binary orbits have very low eccentricities, with e = 0.07. We have reanalyzed the velocity data from Preston & Sneden and have derived orbital solutions similar to theirs for 10 of the spectroscopic binaries among their "blue metal-poor" stars with [Fe/H] ≤ -0.6. We confirm their conclusion that the binary frequency is high; we find 47 ± 10% if we include only the definite binaries with [Fe/H] ≤ -0.6. Our orbital solutions for the seven binaries with periods longer than 20 days all have low eccentricities, with e ≤ 0.26 and e = 0.11. These orbital characteristics are very similar to the Ba II, CH, subgiant CH, and dwarf carbon stars, suggesting that mass transfer has been involved in their formation. Of the five binary stars in our program with published abundances of lithium, all have been found to be deficient (and one in beryllium as well). In contrast, two of the three apparently single stars have published lithium abundances and show no deficiency. The mass functions for the six binaries in our program and seven similar systems studied by Preston & Sneden are consistent with their unseen companions all being white dwarfs with M ≈ 0.55 M⊙ and random orbital inclinations. Taking all of our observations and those of others together, we argue that the results are consistent with all field blue stragglers being binary systems with long periods and low eccentricities, the primary stars being deficient in lithium and the secondary stars being normal-mass white dwarfs. All these properties are suggestive of a blue-straggler formation model that involves mass transfer. For six of the 13 stars in the two programs for which s-process elemental abundances are available, no signs of enhancement are discernible, suggesting that the donor star was a first-ascent red giant. For the star with the longest orbital period (1307 days), CS 22956-028, s-process abundance enhancements have been reported. This star may be a precursor to the subgiant CH class, as suggested by Luck & Bond.

Supermolecular-Chromophore-Sensitized Near-Infrared-to-Visible Photon Upconversion

Abstract: Selective near-IR (NIR) excitation (780 nm) of the conjugated supermolecule ruthenium(II) [15-(4′-ethynyl-(2,2′;6′,2′′-terpyridinyl))-bis[(5,5′,-10,20-di(2′,6′-bis(3,3-dimethylbutoxy)phenyl)porphinato)zinc(II)]ethyne][4′-pyrrolidin-1-yl-2,2′;6′,2′′-terpyridine] bis(hexafluorophosphate) (Pyr1RuPZn2) in solutions containing N,N-bis(ethylpropyl)perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylicdiimide (PDI) or tetracene gives rise to a substantial anti-Stokes energy gain (PDI, 0.70 eV; tetracene, 0.86 eV). Experimental data clearly demonstrate that this upconverted fluorescence signal is produced via Pyr1RuPZn2-sensitized triplet−triplet annihilation (TTA) photochemistry. The TTA process was confirmed by the quadratic dependence of the integrated 1PDI* emission centered at 541 nm derived from 780 nm laser excitation. The T1→Tn excited state absorption decay of Pyr1RuPZn2, monitored at 900 nm as a function of PDI concentration, revealed Stern−Volmer and bimolecular quenching constants of 10 048 M−1 and 5.9 × 108 M−1 s−1, resp...

Program commitment: a multi‐study longitudinal field investigation of its impact and antecedents

Abstract: Increasingly, human resource professionals are being challenged to manage organizational programs that have proliferated in the wake of continual pressure to respond to competition and environmental change. This research examines program commitment, that is, an employee's commitment to an organizational program, and investigates its association with important organizational outcomes and a set of potential antecedents in 2 longitudinal field studies. In the first study, program commitment was positively related to participation in the program and program-related performance. In the second study, organizational commitment, change efficacy, and teamwork orientation were supported as antecedents to program commitment.

The Idea of a Legitimate State

Abstract: Analyse normative de la relation entre un etat criminel et la population et le territoire democratiques sur lequel il impose sa loi. Soulevant la question de l'autorite morale du gouvernement, l'A. rejette l'idee d'un droit de legiferer propre a l'etat et d'une obligation des sujets a obeir a la loi dans les limites des frontieres territoriales. Defendant l'existence d'une variete de droits par analogie avec la typologie des benefices etablie par N. Hohfeld, l'A. interprete le droit de legiferer dans le sens 1) d'un droit de commandement sur les residents; 2) d'un droit de controle sur le territoire; 3) d'un droit de non-interference (souverainte). Soutenant l'idee de la legitimite de l'etat a partir d'un argument fonde sur les besoins de la societe, l'A. distingue la question de l'illegimite de la question de l'injustice d'un etat

Conserved geometrical base-pairing patterns in RNA

Abstract: 1. INTRODUCTION 3992. DEFINITIONS 4013. CIS BASEPAIRS 4103.1 Cis Watson–Crick/Watson–Crick 4103.2 Wobble pairings 4113.3 Cis Watson–Crick/Hoogsteen pairings 4163.4 Bifurcated pairings 4173.5 Cis open and water-inserted 4214. TRANS BASEPAIRS 4234.1 Trans Watson–Crick/Watson–Crick 4234.2 Trans wobble pairs 4244.3 Trans Watson–Crick/Hoogsteen pairs 4244.4 Trans Hoogsteen/Hoogsteen pairs 4304.5 Trans bifurcated pairings 4325. SHALLOW-GROOVE PAIRINGS 4325.1 Hoogsteen/Shallow-groove pairs 4335.2 Watson–Crick/Shallow-groove pairings 4385.3 Shallow-groove/Shallow-groove pairings 4406. SIDE-BY-SIDE BASES 4467. DEFINING A LIBRARY OF ISOSTERIC PAIRINGS 4468. CONCLUSIONS 4519. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 45210. REFERENCES 452RNA molecules fold into a bewildering variety of complex 3D structures. Almost every new RNA structure obtained at high resolution reveals new, unanticipated structural motifs, which we are rarely able to predict at the current stage of our theoretical understanding. Even at the most basic level of specific RNA interactions – base-to-base pairing – new interactions continue to be uncovered as new structures appear. Compilations of possible non-canonical base-pairing geometries have been presented in previous reviews and monographs (Saenger, 1984; Tinoco, 1993). In these compilations, the guiding principle applied was the optimization of hydrogen-bonding. All possible pairs with two standard H-bonds were presented and these were organized according to symmetry or base type. However, many of the features of RNA base-pairing interactions that have been revealed by high-resolution crystallographic analysis could not have been anticipated and, therefore were not incorporated into these compilations. These will be described and classified in the present review. A recently presented approach for inferring basepair geometry from patterns of sequence variation (Gautheret & Gutell, 1997) relied on the 1984 compilation of basepairs (Saenger, 1984), and was extended to include all possible single H-bond combinations not subject to steric clashes. Another recent review may be consulted for a discussion of the NMR spectroscopy and thermodynamic effects of non-canonical (‘mismatched’) RNA basepairs on duplex stability (Limmer, 1997).