Westinghouse Electric

About: Westinghouse Electric is a company organization based out in Cranberry Township, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Brake & Signal. The organization has 27959 authors who have published 38036 publications receiving 523387 citations.

Ion beam modification of 6H/15R SiC crystals☆

Abstract: Large single crystals of silicon carbide consisting predominantly of 6H polytype have been implanted with hydrogen, nitrogen, or aluminum ions at 300 K. Rutherford backscattering-channeling techniques have been used to characterize atomic displacement effects resulting from implantation and postimplantation annealing at 573 K. Amorphization fluences for all three ions correspond to deposition of a critical damage energy of 2 × 1021 keV cm 3 . Annealing of N+ or Al+ implanted crystals for 0.5 h at 573 K produces appreciable recovery in damaged but crystalline regions. Defect annealing is inhibited in amorphous and heavily doped areas of the crystals.

Statistical Characterization of Fracture in the Transition Region

Abstract: Fracture toughness results are measured in the transition region for an ASTM A471 Ni-Cr-Mo-V steel on two specimen sizes IT compact tension (CT) and 4T-CT. The results are typical for steels in the transition in that the smaller specimen toughness values are greater than the larger specimen results. Two explanations are given for this behavior. One explanation, based on loss of constraint, suggests that small specimens cannot be used to characterize the toughness of a large structure in the transition region. A second explanation, based on a statistical model, suggests that small specimen results when properly analyzed can be used to characterize the toughness of large structures. The results of these tests and others support the statistical model as the proper explanation for the observed difference in toughness between small and large specimens in the transition. The model gives a method for analyzing small specimen results to properly predict the toughness of a large structure.

A transformation with invariance under cyclic permutation for applications in pattern recognition

Abstract: The paper describes a transformation that can be used to characterize patterns independent of their position. Examples of the application of the transform for the machine recognition of letters are discussed. The program succeeded in a recognition rate of 80–100% for letters having different position, distortions, inclination, rotation up to 15° and size variation up to 1:3 relative to a reference set of 10 letters. Results with a program for the autonomous learning of new varieties of a pattern (using a learning matrix as an adaptive classifier) are given. When executed on a digital computer, this transform is 10–100 times faster than the fast Fourier transform (depending on the number of sampling points).

High temperature insulation for ceramic matrix composites

Abstract: A ceramic composition is provided to insulate ceramic matrix composites under high temperature, high heat flux environments. The composition comprises a plurality of hollow oxide-based spheres of various dimensions, a phosphate binder, and at least one oxide filler powder, whereby the phosphate binder partially fills gaps between the spheres and the filler powders. The spheres are situated in the phosphate binder and the filler powders such that each sphere is in contact with at least one other sphere. The spheres may be any combination of Mullite spheres, Alumina spheres, or stabilized Zirconia spheres. The filler powder may be any combination of Alumina, Mullite, Ceria, or Hafnia. Preferably, the phosphate binder is Aluminum Ortho-Phosphate. A method of manufacturing the ceramic insulating composition and its application to CMC substrates are also provided.

Turbine system having more failure resistant rotors and repair welding of low alloy ferrous turbine components by controlled weld build-up

Abstract: System for repairing worn surfaces of steam turbine components and especially high pressure turbine rotors, are disclosed. These systems include depositing a first layer of weld metal on a worn surface of the component, whereby a heat-affected zone is created. A second layer of weld metal is then deposited over the first layer using a greater amount of heat to temper at least a portion of the heat-affected zone produced by the first layer. The preferred embodiments include the use of gas tungsten arc welding for providing fine-grain size and more creep resistance, especially in the weld and heat-affected zone. The resulting build-up can be machined, for example into a blade fastening to produce a component having properties equal to or better than the base-metal alloy. The invention also provides a longer lasting turbine system, including rotors which have serrated steeples that are more resistant to failure.