Westinghouse Electric

About: Westinghouse Electric is a company organization based out in Cranberry Township, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Brake & Signal. The organization has 27959 authors who have published 38036 publications receiving 523387 citations.

High voltage tow cable with optical fiber

Abstract: A relatively small diameter tow cable including a plurality of high and low voltage electrical conductors and a high bandwidth optical fiber for both electrical and data transmission between an aircraft and a towed body. The tow cable is implemented by a coaxial arrangement of a central optical fiber encased by a stainless steel jacket surrounded by a first set of high voltage conductors. A second set of high voltage conductors concentrically surrounds the first set of conductors but is separated therefrom by a layer of high voltage insulation. A layer of high voltage insulation surrounds the second set of high voltage conductors and a set of relatively low voltage conductors and their respective return conductors are circumferentially spaced around this layer of insulation along with opposing sets of insulating spacers. A third layer of insulating material surrounds the low voltage conductors and the spacers. Outwardly of the third layer of insulating material are a pair of coaxial strength members comprised of synthetic aramid fibers and which are then covered with a polyester and metallic braid. An outermost jacket of semiconductive material is also provided which serves as an electrostatic drain to ground for the cable.

Effect of Microstructure on Strength of Si3N4‐SiC Composite System

Abstract: The Si3N4-SiC composite system was investigated to better understand the effect of microstructure on the strength-controlling factors, i.e. fracture energy, elastic modulus, and crack size. Silicon carbide dispersions with average particle sizes of 5, 9, and 32 μm were used to form 3 composite series within this system, each containing 0.10, 0.20, 0.30, and 0.40 vol fraction of the dispersed phase. These composites were fabricated by hot-pressing. Fracture energy and strength values were measured for each composite. A linear relation between the elastic modulus of the two phases was assumed. The crack size was calculated for each composite using the appropriate property values. The strength behavior of the 9- and 32-μm series was controlled by the crack size, which, in turn, was controlled by the particle size and volume fraction of the SiC phase. Particle size and volume fraction did not affect the crack size of the 5-μm series, in which strength was controlled by both fracture energy and elastic modulus. Strengths measured at 1400°C and thermal conductivity measurements indicate that several of these composites are promising as high-temperature structural materials.

Filtering in the time and frequency domains

Abstract: Long regarded as a classic of filter theory and design, this book stands as the most comprehensive treatment of filtering techniques, devices and concepts as well as pertinent mathematical relationships. Analysis and theory are supplemented by detailed design curves, fully explained examples and problem and answer sections. Discussed are the derivation of filtering functions, Fourier, Laplace, Hilbert and z transforms, lowpass responses, the transformation of lowpass into other filter types, the all-pass function, the effect of losses on theoretical responses, matched filtering, methods of time-domain synthesis, and digital filtering. This book is invaluable for engineers other than those who are filter design specialists who need to know about the possibilities and limits of the filtering process in order to use filters competently and confidently in their system designs.

Antireflective coatings applied from metal–organic derived liquid precursors

Abstract: Antireflective (AR) coatings, which are produced from organometallic driven solutions containing oxide constituents in a chemically polymerized form, are presented. These solutions leave a film on substrates which, upon heat treatment, converts to a glasslike oxide film having the desired optical thickness and index of refraction. The index can be varied continuously from 1.4 to 2.4; thus the AR coatings can be fine-tuned for different substrates and for specific wavelengths of light. Silicon solar cells AR-coated by this technique showed as much as 49% improvement in efficiency over the uncoated state. The real advantage of the process, however, lies in the fact that it is simple, well-suited for automated mass production of photovoltaic cells, and reduces the cost of coating application from an estimated $0.20 per W-package to about $0.01 per W-package.

The fundamentals of chemical vapour deposition

Abstract: Fundamentals of the chemical vapour deposition process are described and examples given of its application. The most important aspects of the process are reviewed; these include deposit structure (with its relation to process parameters), process control through application of the principles of thermodynamics and reaction kinetics (with emphasis on deposit thickness uniformity, deposit composition control and deposit-substrate adherence) and basic design features of the equipment used.