Westinghouse Electric

About: Westinghouse Electric is a company organization based out in Cranberry Township, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Brake & Signal. The organization has 27959 authors who have published 38036 publications receiving 523387 citations.

On correspondence

Abstract: The following questions about future selection of correspondence items are being considered. Should those containing new technical developments be placed in the short paper category and thus be subjected to the complete review and selection procedures? Should all or only some be subjected to one or more reviews? Should they be published in the Neuisletter instead of the Transactions to save publication costs? Should the length of each, if discussing new technical developments, be so limited, or should it be labeled a "technical note" instead? Answers to these questions should be of interest to all Transactions readers and will influence the content, publication speed, and subsequent usefulness of correspondence. Your reactions to the status of past, present, and future correspondence items will be greatly appreciated and may create new publication policies to be described in a future editorial.

Advancing NMR sensitivity for LC-NMR-MS using a cryoflow probe: application to the analysis of acetaminophen metabolites in urine.

Abstract: Cryogenic cooling of the NMR radio frequency coils and electronics to give greatly enhanced sensitivity is arguably the most significant recent advance in NMR spectroscopy. Here we report the first cryogenic probe built in flow configuration and demonstrate the application to LC-NMR-MS studies. This probe provides superior sensitivity over conventional noncryogenic flow NMR probes, allowing the use of 100 μL of untreated urine (40% less material than previous studies that required preconcentration) and yet revealing drug metabolites hitherto undetected by LC-NMR-MS at 500 MHz. Besides the known sulfate and glucuronide metabolites, previously undetected metabolites of acetaminophen were directly observable in a 15-min on-flow experiment. Simultaneous MS data also provided knowledge on the NMR-silent functional moieties. Further, stop-flow LC-NMR-MS experiments were conducted for greater signal-to-noise ratios on minor metabolites. The cryoflow probe enables the NMR analysis of lower concentrations of metab...

Comparison of bacteria from deep subsurface sediment and adjacent groundwater.

Abstract: Samples of groundwater and the enclosing sediments were compared for densities of bacteria using direct (acridine orange direct staining) and viable (growth on 1% PTYG medium) count methodology. Sediments to a depth of 550 m were collected from boreholes at three sites on the Savannah River Site near Aiken, South Carolina, using techniques to insure a minimum of surface contamination. Clusters of wells screened at discreet intervals were established at each site. Bacterial densities in sediment were higher, by both direct and viable count, than in groundwater samples. Differences between direct and viable counts were much greater for groundwater samples than for sediment samples. Densities of bacteria in sediment ranged from less than 1.00×106 bacteria/g dry weight (gdw) up to 5.01 ×108 bacteria/gdw for direct counts, while viable counts were less than 1.00×103 CFU/gdw to 4.07×107 CFU/gdw. Bacteria densities in groundwater were 1.00×103–6.31×104 bacteria/ml and 5.75–4.57×102 CFU/ml for direct and viable counts, respectively. Isolates from sediment were also found to assimilate a wider variety of carbon compounds than groundwater bacteria. The data suggest that oligotrophic aquifer sediments have unique and dense bacterial communities that are attached and not reflected in groundwater found in the strata. Effective in situ bioremediation of contaimination in these aquifers may require sampling and characterization of sediment communities.

Free Carrier Absorption in Silicon

Abstract: Free carrier absorption in heavily doped layers reduces the useful photon flux in the photoconductive region of extrinsic Si infrared detectors. A simple theory is developed which predicts the transmissivity of such layers as a function of their sheet resistance and the wavelength of the radiation. Experimental data over the 2.5-20 /spl mu/m wavelength and 5-500 Omega/square sheet resistance range are given for both diffused and ion-implanted layers and also for polysilicon gates. The temperature dependence of both transmissivity and sheet resistance is investigated from 20 to 300 K.

Molded case current limiting circuit breaker

Abstract: A molded case circuit breaker having current limiting capabilities is dimensionally optimized for relatively smaller frame size circuit breakers The handle yoke is supported with rollers thereby allowing the crossbar to be disposed in the space normally utilized for the handle yoke pivot axis A clinch joint arcer assembly with a plurality of arcing contact arms, each pivotally connected by a clinch joint to a pivotally mounted main contact arm permits additional main contact arms to be provided in the same space normally occupied by the arcing contact arms alone Additionally, arcing contact spring housings protect the arcing contact springs from deterioration due to corrosive ionizing gases generated during interruption A positive off link assembly prevents the operating handle from being placed on an OFF position when the main contacts are welded together and transfers the force applied to the operating handle to the upper link to allow the weld to be broken Lastly, a reversible barrier in one of the sidewalls allows in one position circuit breaker auxiliaries, located in the outside pole compartments, to communicate with the operating mechanism and the operating handle For circuit breakers without auxiliaries, the barrier acts as an interphase gas barrier