Sebastiaan Swart

TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed data on dissolved iron concentrations in the top 1,000 m of the Southern Ocean, taken from all known and available cruises to date, together with hydrographic data to determine the relative importance of deep winter mixing and diapycnal diffusion to dissolved iron fluxes at the basin scale.

TL;DR: In this paper, a synthesis study of >13,000 global measurements of dissolved Fe (dFe) is presented, focusing on the Southern Ocean, where dFe plays a fundamental role in governing the carbon cycle, using four regions, six basins and five depth intervals as a framework.

TL;DR: The regional characteristics of the seasonal cycle of phytoplankton biomass in the Southern Ocean are examined in terms of the timing of the bloom initiation, its amplitude, regional scale variability and the importance of the climatological seasonal cycle in explaining the overall variance.

TL;DR: In 2017, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth's atmosphere-carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide-reached new record highs. as mentioned in this paper The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration at Earth's surface for 2017 was 405.0 ± 0.1 ppm, 2.2 ppm greater than for 2016 and the highest in the modern atmospheric measurement record and in ice core records dating back as far as 800 000 years.

TL;DR: The State of the Climate for 2014 as mentioned in this paper is a very low-resolution file and it can be downloaded in a few minutes for a high-resolution version of the report to download.