Ministry of Agriculture

About: Ministry of Agriculture is a government organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Biology & Chemistry. The organization has 1153 authors who have published 1189 publications receiving 14442 citations.

Influência da aplicação de gesso na produção de matéria seca, na relação nitrogênio: enxofre e concentrações de enxofre, cobre, nitrogênio e nitrato em pastagens de Brachiaria decumbens Stapf

Abstract: Em solo classificado como latossolo vermelho-amarelo, de pH igual a 5,2, foram estudados o efeito da adicao crescente do gesso agricola (CaSO4.2H2O) nos niveis de 0 t/ha (T); 0,5 t/ha (TA); 1,0 t/ha (TB) e 1,5 t/ha (TC), combinados com a aplicacao de 20kg/ha de nitrogenio sob a forma de ureia mais 80kg de K2O/ha sob a forma de cloreto de potassio, sobre a producao de materia seca (MS) da Brachiaria decumbens Stapf, no periodo de janeiro a dezembro. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repeticoes. Foram realizados tres cortes (apos 77, 133 e 341 dias do inicio do experimento) para determinar a producao de materia seca/ha e as concentracoes de enxofre (S), nitrogenio (N), cobre (Cu) e nitrato na forrageira. Observou-se que a producao de MS foi influenciada pelos tratamentos e epoca de corte da forrageira. Porem, nao houve aumento significativo na producao de MS para niveis de adubacao acima de 0,5 t/ha. As concentracoes de S, N, Cu e nitrato nao foram influenciadas pelos tratamentos.

Caracterização microbiológica de carcaças de frangos de corte produzidas no estado de Minas Gerais

Abstract: In order to evaluate the microbiological quality of broiler chickens produced in Minas Gerais State, 240 samples of broiler carcasses from the five regions of the Minas Gerais State were collected, by official inspection services, for one year. The samples were submitted to counts of total and thermotolerant coliforms, coagulase-positive and negative Staphylococcus, besides Campylobacter spp., Listeria monocytogenes, E.coli O157:H7, and Salmonella spp. resource. The results showed the presence of total and thermotolerant coliforms in 34.2% and 13.5% of broiler carcasses evaluated, respectively. All tested samples were positive for Staphylococcus spp., 9.1% for Salmonella spp., 15.5% for Listeria monocytogenes, and 2.1% for Campylobacter spp. E.coli O157:H7 was not isolated from the samples.

Eficácia de vacinas comerciais contra clostridioses frente ao desafio com Clostridium sordellii

Abstract: Twelve commercial vaccines against clostridiosis commercialized in Brazil which have in their composition Clostridium sordellii were evaluated for efficacy. A standard monovalent bacterin was used as a reference test. Two of the tested vaccines (16.6%), codified as T6 and T8, gave the same results as the standard bacterin, protecting all the challenged animals. One vaccine (8.3%), codified as T10, after being retested was considered efficient. The remaining vaccines (75%), codified as T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T7, T9, T11 and T12, were considered inefficient.

Surface Fluorination of Carboxylated Nitrile Butadiene Rubber: An XPS Study

Abstract: Because of their exceptional reactivity, fluorine and fluorinated gases are of primary importance for the modification of the surface properties of materials. This study is devoted to surface treatment of thin nitrile gloves, made of carboxylated nitrile butadiene rubber latex, using either direct fluorination (10% F2gas diluted in N2) or plasma-enhanced fluorination in radio-frequency cold plasmas using fluorinated gases (CF4, CHF3). Mechanisms of fluorination of these co-elastomers have been proposed on the basis of the assignment of the different components of the XPS spectra. Several mechanisms have been observed depending on the fluorination conditions. Although the modification of nitrile gloves is already effective for fluorination reactions at room temperature, an important activation is observed for experiments carried out at 90°C. When the treatments are carried out at room temperature, a gradual fluorination occurs: in the case of 10% diluted F2 gas, monofluorinated C—F groups are the species most found at the surface and perfluoro groups CFn are present in lower amount. An addition reaction takes place at the \(\rlap{--} (\)CH=CH\(\rlap{--} )\) double bonds of the polybutadiene entities, leading to \(\rlap{--} (\)CHF=CHF\(\rlap{--} )\) units. Whatever the fluorination method, thermal activation yields a more massive fluorination of the surface that finally leads to perfluorinated \(\rlap{--} (\)CF2\(\rlap{--} )\) groups and terminal —CF3 groups.