Ministry of Agriculture

About: Ministry of Agriculture is a government organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Biology & Chemistry. The organization has 1153 authors who have published 1189 publications receiving 14442 citations.

Nachweis von Natriumhyposulfit und Natriumsulfoxylat-Formaldehyd in der Tüpfelanalyse

Abstract: Natriumhyposulfit und Natriumsulfoxylat-Formaldehyd (Rongalit) reduzieren in alkalisch-alkoholischer Losung o- und p-Dinitrobenzol zu wasserloslichen violetten bzw. orangefarbenen Verbindungen (Alkalisalze chinoider Stickstoffsauren). Bei Zimmertemperatur und unter Kuhlung reagiert lediglich Natriumhyposulfit, was dessen Unterscheidung von Natriumsulfoxylat-Formaldehyd ermoglicht. Fur Zwecke der Tupfel analyse ist die Verwendung einer alkoholisch-ammoniakalischen Losung von p-Dinitrobenzol und Erwarmen empfehlenswert, wodurch 3μg Rongalit nachweisbar sind. Zur Identifizierung von Rongalit wird der Nachweis des darin enthaltenen Formaldehyds durch die Farbreaktion mit Chromotropsaure nachEegriwe verwendet. Dieser Nachweis kann direkt mit der festen Probe oder indirekt mit dem durch Erhitzen abgespaltenen Formaldehyd gefuhrt werden. Die hierbei erreichten Erfassungsgrenzen sind 0,5 bzw. 0,02μg Rongalit. Eine Uberprufung der vonJelley empfohlenen Farbreaktion auf Natriumhyposulfit hat gezeigt, das Reaktionslosigkeit gegenuber Rongalit nicht besteht, wenn feste Materialien untersucht werden.

The epidemiology of AmpC-producing Escherichia coli isolated from dairy cattle faeces on pasture-fed farms

Abstract: Introduction. Antibiotic use, particularly amoxicillin-clavulanic acid in dairy farming, has been associated with an increased incidence of AmpC-hyperproducing Escherichia coli.Gap statement. There is limited information on the incidence of AmpC-hyperproducing E. coli from seasonal pasture-fed dairy farms.Aim. We undertook a New Zealand wide cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of AmpC-producing E. coli carried by dairy cattle.Methodology. Paddock faeces were sampled from twenty-six dairy farms and were processed for the selective growth of both extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)- and AmpC-producing E. coli. Whole genome sequence analysis was carried out on 35 AmpC-producing E. coli.Results. No ESBL- or plasmid mediated AmpC-producing E. coli were detected, but seven farms were positive for chromosomal mediated AmpC-hyperproducing E. coli. These seven farms were associated with a higher usage of injectable amoxicillin antibiotics. Whole genome sequence analysis of the AmpC-producing E. coli demonstrated that the same strain (<3 SNPs difference) of E. coli ST5729 was shared between cows on a single farm. Similarly, the same strain (≤15 SNPs difference) of E. coli ST8977 was shared across two farms (separated by approximately 425 km).Conclusion. These results infer that both cow-to-cow and farm-to-farm transmission of AmpC-producing E. coli has occurred.

Isolamento e classificação de espécies de Listeria em queijos tipo colonial da região Centro-Serra do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul

Abstract: This paper describes the isolation of Listeria spp. in 61 samples of “colonial” cheese (farm made cheese and industrial cheese), acquired in local market or directly from the farmers. Samples were collected in municipalities located in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul State (South of Brazil). It was possible to detect Listeria spp. in 6 of the 61 samples (9,8%). Four of these six positive cheese samples were made with raw cow’s milk and the other 2 samples were from industrial origin. Listeria innocua was recovery just from the farm made cheese samples, while Listeria monocytogenes was isolated from industrial cheese samples. These two species were serologically classified as L. monocytogenes 1/2 a and L. innocua 6a.