Ministry of Agriculture

About: Ministry of Agriculture is a government organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Biology & Chemistry. The organization has 1153 authors who have published 1189 publications receiving 14442 citations.

PARÂMETROS CINÉTICOS DA DEGRADAÇÃO RUMINAL DA CASCA DE CAFÉ (Coffea arabica, L.) TRATADA COM HIDRÓXIDO DE SÓDIO (NAOH)

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate dry matter ruminal degradation kinetics of coffee hulls treated with increasing sodium hydroxide quantities. Two rumen fistulated cows were used to incubate samples in nylon bags for 12. 24, 36. 48 and 72 hours. Four ruminal incubation periods were used, in a complete randomized block design. Coffee hulls were treated with 0%, 3%, 6% and 9% of sodium hydroxide (dry matter basis), corresponding to treatments T1 to t4 respectively. Experimental results were compared using Tukey test, at 5% probability level, as follows for treatments 1 to 4 respectively: soluble fraction (9.35d; 17.65c; 31.93b; 32.28a), de (34.40d; 40.50c; 43.28b; 50.35a), potential degradability (44.33d; 50.33c; 52.35b; 57.70a) and lag time in hours (4.03a; 3.93a; 4.33a; 2.55a). The results indicate that increasing the levels of NaOH in the coffee hulls treatments increased significantly their ruminal solubility, as well as their effective and potential degradabilities. However that increase had no effect upon coffee hulls lag time in the rumen. KEY WORDS: by-product feedstuffs, rumen degradability, ruminant.

Serial superficial digital flexor tendon biopsies for diagnosing and monitoring collagenase-induced tendonitis in horses

Abstract: The purpose of this investigation was to demonstrate the feasibility of a biopsy technique by performing serial evaluations of tissue samples of the forelimb superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) in healthy horses and in horses subjected to superficial digital flexor tendonitis induction. Eight adult horses were evaluated in two different phases (P), control (P1) and tendonitis-induced (P2). At P1, the horses were subjected to five SDFT biopsies of the left forelimb, with 24 hours (h) of interval. Clinical and ultrasonographic (US) examinations were performed immediately before the tendonitis induction, 24 and 48 h after the procedure. The biopsied tendon tissues were analyzed through histology. P2 evaluations were carried out three months later, when the same horses were subjected to tendonitis induction by injection of bacterial collagenase into the right forelimb SDFT. P2 clinical and US evaluations, and SDFT biopsies were performed before, and after injury induction at the following time intervals: after 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, and after 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 days. The biopsy technique has proven to be easy and quick to perform and yielded good tendon samples for histological evaluation. At P1 the horses did not show signs of localised inflammation, pain or lameness, neither SDFT US alterations after biopsies, showing that the biopsy procedure per se did not risk tendon integrity. Therefore, this procedure is feasible for routine tendon histological evaluations. The P2 findings demonstrate a relation between the US and histology evaluations concerning induced tendonitis evolution. However, the clinical signs of tendonitis poorly reflected the microscopic tissue condition, indicating that clinical presentation is not a reliable parameter for monitoring injury development. The presented method of biopsying SDFT tissue in horses enables the serial collection of material for histological analysis causing no clinical signs and tendon damage seen by US images. Therefore, this technique allows tendonitis to be monitored and can be considered an excellent tool in protocols for evaluating SDFT injury.

Venda de produtos fitofarmacêuticos em Portugal, 2001-2008

Abstract: A global vision about sales of plant protection products during the period 2001-2008, is given by total amount and by function (fungicides, herbicides, insecticides, mineral oil, and sterilants). The fungicides, mineral oil and sterilants with sales over 100t, and herbicides and insecticides over 50t, are analyzed. The sales evolution of products with potential for contaminate water are also analyzed.

Exploratory Analysis of Sparkling Wines Based in the Combined Data of Stable Isotope Analysis with Physicochemical Variables and Volatile Profile

Abstract: This work performs an exploratory analysis of the sparkling wines from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Samples of traditional sparkling wine and Moscatel sparkling wine were analyzed and chemometrics tools were applied to physicochemical, gas chromatography and stable carbon isotope analysis. The carbon isotope ratio (δ13C-CO2) of the samples presents great heterogeneity and confirm that the isotopic signature of the CO2 could be derived from the fermentation of C4 sugar. The principal component analysis (PCA) was capable to discriminate and classify the samples in their respective groups and combined data approach was especially important to identify the correlation between the studied variables. With the increasing production of sparkling wines in Brazil, this work helps to evaluate the standards of the local sparkling wines.