Ministry of Agriculture

About: Ministry of Agriculture is a government organization based out in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Biology & Chemistry. The organization has 1153 authors who have published 1189 publications receiving 14442 citations.

Non drip baby feeding bottle, includes two apertured twist fit closure rings for controlling flow of contents from bottle and into teat

Abstract: Bottle has hole (48) extending through support surface of cylindrical mantle of upper closure ring (40) to exit in external threading region of mantle. Hole (31) extends through support surface of cylindrical mantle of lower closure ring (20). Holes are exposed or blocked by twisting upper closure ring relative to second closure ring. The bottle (10) has an opening (15) with external threading (14), a lower closure ring (20), an upper closure ring (40), catch components (34, 54) for releasably and rotatably fixing the two rings together, a teat (60), and a screw ring (70) with internal threading. The lower closure ring comprises a cylindrical first mantle with internal threading for screwing onto the external threading of the bottle. A middle part joins the top side of the first mantle and has a rotation symmetrical support surface separated from the inside of the bottle. At least one hole (31) extends through the support surface and into the inside of the bottle. The upper closure ring comprises a cylindrical mantle with external threading. A middle part joins the top side of the second mantle and has a rotation symmetrical support surface that sits tightly on top of the lower closure ring support surface. At least one hole (48) extends through the upper closure ring support surface to exit in the external threading region of the upper closure ring mantle. These holes are exposed or blocked by twisting the upper closure ring relative to the lower closure ring. The screw ring is screwed onto the external threading of the upper closure ring, to which a bottom edge region of the teat is releasably secured.

Infecção por Toxoplasma gondii em primatas neotropicais não-humanos

Abstract: Toxoplasma gondii (Nicolle et Manceaux, 1909) is an obligatory intracellular protozoan parasite of warm animals, including human and non-human primates. Domestic and wild felids are considered definitive hosts. Several authors have already identified lesions in New World primates caused by T. gondii. Nevertheless, little is known about serological studies on those animals. With this reason, New World non-human primates of the genera Cebus and Callithrix that were apprehended by governmental authorities and sent to the Wildlife Screening Center (Cetas)/IBAMA, at the municipality of Seropedica, state of Rio Janeiro, were bled and sera were submitted to the indirect hemagglutination test for detection of anti-T. gondii antibodies. From 21 sera of Cebus primates, 76.19% (16/21) had anti-T. gondii antibodies. Titles varied from 16 to 2048. In samples from 21 Callithrix, only 4.5% (1/22) had anti-T. gondii antibodies. Only one animal had a title of 32. During all the time those animals were clinical evaluated until sample was collected; none of them had any clinical sign or sequel related to infection by T. gondii. The fact that the origin of these primates is unknown and that there is no information about their feeding habits before captivity makes it difficult to determine the source of T. gondii infection.

First report of Ornithodoros peropteryx in Brazil, and the occurrence of Ornithodoros cavernicolous in the western Brazilian Amazon

Abstract: More than half of the Brazilian soft ticks (Argasidae) are represented by species associated with bats. Based on a morphological and molecular approach of free-living ticks collected inside two unexplored caves in Rondonia state, western Brazilian Amazon, we report the occurrence of Ornithodoros peropteryx for the first time in Brazil. Our findings also extend the distribution of Ornithodoros cavernicolous towards western Brazilian Amazon. Additionally, our collections include previously unknown male of O. peropteryx. In both species, partial 16S rRNA mitochondrial gene sequences showed >99% of identity when compared to available conspecific data from other localities. Although more data is necessary to make a general conclusion, high vagility of hosts could be favoring low genetic structure among these ectoparasites.

Fungic microflora of Panicum maximum and Styosanthes spp. commercial seed

Abstract: Sementes comerciais de forrageiras tropicais, pertencente a 26 lotes produzidos em diferentes regioes (safras 2004-05 e 2005-06), foram avaliadas quanto a sanidade. Foram analisadas sementes de cultivares de Panicum maximum (Massai, Mombaca e Tanzânia) e de estilosantes (Estilosantes Campo Grande - ECG). Adicionalmente, avaliou-se a qualidade sanitaria de dois lotes de sementes de P. maximum destinados a exportacao. Para isso, as sementes foram submetidas ao teste de papel de filtro em gerbox, os quais foram incubados a 20oC, com fotoperiodo de 12 h, durante sete dias. Os fungos saprofitos ou secundarios (FSS) mais frequentemente detectados nos lotes de P. maximum foram Aspergillus sp., Cladosporium sp. e Rhizopus sp., os quais, em geral, apresentaram baixa incidencia nas sementes. Quanto aos fungos patogenicos (FP), constatou-se elevado numero de lotes contaminados pelos generos Bipolaris , Curvularia , Fusarium e Phoma . Em geral, foi elevada a incidencia de FP nas sementes de P. maximum . A ocorrencia de Phoma sp. foi a mais critica, pois 81% dos lotes registraram indices superiores a 50%. Nas sementes de 'ECG' foram detectados FSS (generos Aspergillus , Cladosporium e Penicillium ) e FP (generos Bipolaris , Curvularia , Fusarium e Phoma ), os quais apresentaram, em geral, baixa incidencia. FSS e FP tambem foram associados as sementes de P. maximum tipo exportacao, em alguns casos, com incidencia consideravel. Os resultados indicaram que em todas as regioes produtoras existiu pelo menos um fator limitante afetando a qualidade sanitaria das sementes.