Genetic compensation: A phenomenon in search of mechanisms.
TLDR
This review revisits studies reporting genetic compensation in higher eukaryotes and outlines possible molecular mechanisms, which may include both transcriptional and posttranscriptional processes.Abstract:
Several recent studies in a number of model systems including zebrafish, Arabidopsis, and mouse have revealed phenotypic differences between knockouts (i.e., mutants) and knockdowns (e.g., antisense-treated animals). These differences have been attributed to a number of reasons including off-target effects of the antisense reagents. An alternative explanation was recently proposed based on a zebrafish study reporting that genetic compensation was observed in egfl7 mutant but not knockdown animals. Dosage compensation was first reported in Drosophila in 1932, and genetic compensation in response to a gene knockout was first reported in yeast in 1969. Since then, genetic compensation has been documented many times in a number of model organisms; however, our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms remains limited. In this review, we revisit studies reporting genetic compensation in higher eukaryotes and outline possible molecular mechanisms, which may include both transcriptional and posttranscriptional processes.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Pick a Tag and Explore the Functions of Your Pet Protein.
TL;DR: This review elaborate on recently introduced tags and the opportunities they provide for future research endeavors, and highlights how the genome-engineering revolution may boost the field of protein tags.
Journal ArticleDOI
PRMT7 as a unique member of the protein arginine methyltransferase family: A review.
Kanishk Jain,Steven Clarke +1 more
TL;DR: Purified recombinant PRMT7 displays a number of unique enzymatic properties including a substrate preference for arginine residues in R-X-R motifs with additional flanking basic amino acid residues and a temperature optimum well below 37 °C.
Journal ArticleDOI
On zebrafish disease models and matters of the heart
TL;DR: Recent studies conducted on cardiovascular research focusing on the benefits of the combination of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with functional genomic analysis in zebrafish are highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neurexins in autism and schizophrenia-a review of patient mutations, mouse models and potential future directions.
TL;DR: After reviewing the literature, it seems apparent that a traditional LOF-genetic approach based on complete LOF might not be sufficient to unveil the role of these human mutations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reconstructing Denisovan Anatomy Using DNA Methylation Maps
David Gokhman,Nadav Mishol,Marc de Manuel,David Juan,Jonathan Shuqrun,Eran Meshorer,Tomas Marques-Bonet,Yoel Rak,Liran Carmel +8 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that Denisovans likely shared with Neanderthals traits such as an elongated face and a wide pelvis, and DNA methylation can be used to reconstruct anatomical features, including some that do not survive in the fossil record.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Network biology: understanding the cell's functional organization
TL;DR: This work states that rapid advances in network biology indicate that cellular networks are governed by universal laws and offer a new conceptual framework that could potentially revolutionize the view of biology and disease pathologies in the twenty-first century.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation by microRNAs: are the answers in sight?
TL;DR: This Review summarizes the current understanding of the mechanistic aspects of microRNA-induced repression of translation and discusses some of the controversies regarding different modes of micro RNA function.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional profiling of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome.
Guri Giaever,Angela M. Chu,Li Ni,Carla Connelly,Linda Riles,Steeve Veronneau,Sally Dow,Ankuta Lucau-Danila,Keith Anderson,Bruno André,Adam P. Arkin,Anna Astromoff,Mohamed El Bakkoury,Rhonda Bangham,Rocío Benito,Sophie Brachat,Stefano Campanaro,Matt Curtiss,Karen Davis,Adam M. Deutschbauer,K. D. Entian,Patrick Flaherty,Françoise Foury,David J. Garfinkel,Mark Gerstein,Deanna Gotte,Ulrich Güldener,Johannes H. Hegemann,Svenja Hempel,Zelek S. Herman,Daniel F. Jaramillo,Diane E. Kelly,Steven L. Kelly,Peter Kötter,Darlene LaBonte,David C. Lamb,Ning Lan,Hong Liang,Hong Liao,Lucy Y. Liu,Chuanyun Luo,Marc Lussier,Rong Mao,Patrice Menard,Siew Loon Ooi,José L. Revuelta,Christopher J. Roberts,Matthias Rose,Petra Ross-Macdonald,Bart Scherens,Greg Schimmack,Brenda Shafer,Daniel D. Shoemaker,Sharon Sookhai-Mahadeo,Reginald Storms,Jeffrey N. Strathern,Giorgio Valle,Marleen Voet,Guido Volckaert,Ching Yun Wang,Teresa R. Ward,Julie Wilhelmy,Elizabeth A. Winzeler,Yonghong Yang,Grace Yen,Elaine M. Youngman,Kexin Yu,Howard Bussey,Jef D. Boeke,Michael Snyder,Peter Philippsen,Ronald W. Davis,Mark Johnston +72 more
TL;DR: It is shown that previously known and new genes are necessary for optimal growth under six well-studied conditions: high salt, sorbitol, galactose, pH 8, minimal medium and nystatin treatment, and less than 7% of genes that exhibit a significant increase in messenger RNA expression are also required for optimal Growth in four of the tested conditions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gene Action in the X -chromosome of the Mouse ( Mus musculus L.)
TL;DR: Ohno and Hauschka1 showed that in female mice one chromosome of mammary carcinoma cells and of normal diploid cells of the ovary, mammary gland and liver was heteropyKnotic and suggested that the so-called sex chromatin was composed of one heteropyknotic X-chromosome.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Transcriptional Landscape of the Mammalian Genome
Piero Carninci,Takeya Kasukawa,Shintaro Katayama,Julian Gough,Martin C. Frith,N. Maeda,Rieko Oyama,Timothy Ravasi,Boris Lenhard,Christine A. Wells,Christine A. Wells,Rimantas Kodzius,Kazuro Shimokawa,Vladimir B. Bajic,Steven E. Brenner,Serge Batalov,Alistair R. R. Forrest,Mihaela Zavolan,Melissa J. Davis,Laurens G. Wilming,Vassilis Aidinis,Jonathan E. Allen,Alberto Ambesi-Impiombato,Rolf Apweiler,Rajith N. Aturaliya,Timothy L. Bailey,Mukesh Bansal,Laura L. Baxter,Kirk W. Beisel,T. Bersano,Hidemasa Bono,Alistair M. Chalk,Kuo Ping Chiu,V. Choudhary,Alan Christoffels,D. R. Clutterbuck,Mark L. Crowe,Emiliano Dalla,Brian P. Dalrymple,Bernard de Bono,G. Della Gatta,Diego di Bernardo,Thomas A. Down,Pär G. Engström,Michela Fagiolini,Geoffrey J. Faulkner,Colin F. Fletcher,T. Fukushima,Masaaki Furuno,Sugiko Futaki,Manuela Gariboldi,P. Georgii-Hemming,Thomas R. Gingeras,Takashi Gojobori,Richard E. Green,Stefano Gustincich,Matthias Harbers,Yoshitaka Hayashi,Takao K. Hensch,Nobutaka Hirokawa,David E. Hill,Lukasz Huminiecki,M. Iacono,Kazuho Ikeo,Atsushi Iwama,T. Ishikawa,M. Jakt,Alexander Kanapin,Masaru Katoh,Yuka Imamura Kawasawa,Janet Kelso,Hiroshi Kitamura,Hiroaki Kitano,George Kollias,S. P. T. Krishnan,Adele Kruger,Sarah K. Kummerfeld,Igor V. Kurochkin,Liana F. Lareau,Dejan Lazarevic,Leonard Lipovich,Jinfeng Liu,Sabino Liuni,Sean McWilliam,M. Madan Babu,Martin Madera,Luigi Marchionni,Hideo Matsuda,Shu-ichi Matsuzawa,Harukata Miki,Flavio Mignone,Sou Miyake,Ken A. Morris,Salim Mottagui-Tabar,Salim Mottagui-Tabar,Nicola Mulder,Naoko Nakano,Hiromitsu Nakauchi,P. Ng,Roland Nilsson,S. Nishiguchi,Seishi Nishikawa,Franco Nori,Osamu Ohara,Yasushi Okazaki,Valerio Orlando,Ken C Pang,William J. Pavan,Giulio Pavesi,Graziano Pesole,Nikolai Petrovsky,Silvano Piazza,Jonathan C. Reed,James F. Reid,Brian Z. Ring,M. Ringwald,Burkhard Rost,Yijun Ruan,Steven L. Salzberg,Albin Sandelin,Claudio Schneider,Christian Schönbach,K. Sekiguchi,Colin A. Semple,Shigeto Seno,Luca Sessa,Y. Sheng,Y. Shibata,Hiroshi Shimada,Kiyo Shimada,D. Silva,B. Sinclair,Silke Sperling,Elia Stupka,Koji Sugiura,Razvan Sultana,Yoichi Takenaka,Kohei Taki,K. Tammoja,Sin Lam Tan,S. Tang,Martin S. Taylor,Jesper Tegnér,Sarah A. Teichmann,Hiroki R. Ueda,Erik van Nimwegen,Roberto Verardo,Chia-Lin Wei,Ken Yagi,H. Yamanishi,E. Zabarovsky,S. Zhu,Andreas Zimmer,Winston Hide,Carol J. Bult,Sean M. Grimmond,Rohan D. Teasdale,Edison T. Liu,Vladimir Brusic,John Quackenbush,Claes Wahlestedt,Claes Wahlestedt,John S. Mattick,David A. Hume,C. Kai,D. Sasaki,Yasuhiro Tomaru,S. Fukuda,Mutsumi Kanamori-Katayama,M. Suzuki,Junken Aoki,Taku Arakawa,J. Iida,Kengo Imamura,Masayoshi Itoh,T. Kato,Hideya Kawaji,N. Kawagashira,Tsugumi Kawashima,M. Kojima,S. Kondo,Hideaki Konno,K. Nakano,Noriko Ninomiya,T. Nishio,M. Okada,Charles Plessy,K. Shibata,Toshiyuki Shiraki,S. Suzuki,Michihira Tagami,Kazunori Waki,Akira Watahiki,Yuko Okamura-Oho,Harukazu Suzuki,Jun Kawai,Yoshihide Hayashizaki,Yoshihide Hayashizaki +197 more
TL;DR: Detailed polling of transcription start and termination sites and analysis of previously unidentified full-length complementary DNAs derived from the mouse genome provide a comprehensive platform for the comparative analysis of mammalian transcriptional regulation in differentiation and development.
Related Papers (5)
Efficient multiplex biallelic zebrafish genome editing using a CRISPR nuclease system
The zebrafish reference genome sequence and its relationship to the human genome.
Kerstin Howe,Matthew D. Clark,Carlos Torroja,Carlos Torroja,James Torrance,Camille Berthelot,Matthieu Muffato,John E. Collins,Sean Humphray,Karen McLaren,Lucy Matthews,Stuart McLaren,Ian M Sealy,Mario Caccamo,Carol Churcher,Carol Scott,Jeffrey C. Barrett,Romke Koch,Gerd Jörg Rauch,Simon D. M. White,William Chow,Britt Kilian,Leonor T. Quintais,José Afonso Guerra-Assunção,Yi Zhou,Yong Gu,Jennifer Yen,Jan Hinnerk Vogel,Tina Eyre,Seth Redmond,Ruby Banerjee,Jianxiang Chi,Beiyuan Fu,Elizabeth Langley,Sean Maguire,Gavin K. Laird,D. M. Lloyd,Emma J. Kenyon,Sarah Donaldson,Harminder Sehra,Jeff Almeida-King,Jane E. Loveland,Stephen J. Trevanion,Matthew Jones,Michael A. Quail,Dave Willey,Adrienne Hunt,John Burton,Sarah Sims,Kirsten McLay,Bob Plumb,J. C. Davis,Chris Clee,Karen Oliver,Richard M. Clark,Clare Riddle,David Eliott,Glen Threadgold,Glenn Harden,Darren Ware,Beverly Mortimer,Giselle Kerry,Paul Heath,Benjamin Phillimore,Alan Tracey,N Corby,Matthew Dunn,Christopher M. Johnson,Jonathan Wood,Susan J. Clark,Sarah Pelan,Guy Griffiths,Michelle Smith,Rebecca Glithero,Philip Howden,Nick Barker,Christopher Stevens,Joanna Harley,Karen Holt,Georgios Panagiotidis,J Lovell,Helen Beasley,Carl Henderson,Daria Gordon,Katherine Auger,Debbie E. Wright,Joanna Collins,Claire Raisen,Lauren Dyer,Kenric Leung,Lauren Robertson,Kirsty Ambridge,Daniel Leongamornlert,Sarah McGuire,Ruth Gilderthorp,C Griffiths,Deepa Manthravadi,Sarah Nichol,Gary L A Barker,S. Whitehead,Michael Kay,Jacqueline Brown,Clare Murnane,Emma Gray,Matthew Humphries,N Sycamore,Darren Barker,David S. Saunders,J. M. Wallis,A K Babbage,S Hammond,M Mashreghi-Mohammadi,Lucy Barr,Sancha Martin,Paul Wray,Andrew D. Ellington,Nicholas Matthews,Matthew Ellwood,Rebecca Woodmansey,Graham Clark,James D. Cooper,A Tromans,Darren Grafham,C. D. Skuce,Richard Pandian,Robert Andrews,Elliot Harrison,A M Kimberley,J Garnett,Nigel Fosker,Rebekah Hall,P Garner,Daniel P. Kelly,Christine P. Bird,Sophie Palmer,Ines Gehring,Andrea Berger,Christopher M. Dooley,Christopher M. Dooley,Zübeyde Ersan-Ürün,Cigdem Eser,Horst Geiger,Maria Geisler,Lena Karotki,Anette Kirn,Judith Konantz,Martina Konantz,Martina Oberländer,Silke Rudolph-Geiger,Mathias Teucke,Kazutoyo Osoegawa,Baoli Zhu,Amanda Rapp,Sara Widaa,Cordelia Langford,Fengtang Yang,Nigel P. Carter,Jennifer Harrow,Zemin Ning,Javier Herrero,Steve Searle,Anton J. Enright,Robert Geisler,Robert Geisler,Ronald H.A. Plasterk,Charles Lee,Monte Westerfield,Pieter J. de Jong,Leonard I. Zon,John H. Postlethwait,Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard,Tim Hubbard,Hugues Roest Crollius,Jane Rogers,Derek L. Stemple +174 more