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The Beaker phenomenon and the genomic transformation of northwest Europe

Iñigo Olalde, +169 more
- 08 Mar 2018 - 
- Vol. 555, Iss: 7695, pp 190-196
TLDR
Genome-wide data from 400 Neolithic, Copper Age and Bronze Age Europeans is presented, finding limited genetic affinity between Beaker-complex-associated individuals from Iberia and central Europe, and excludes migration as an important mechanism of spread between these two regions.
Abstract: 
From around 2750 to 2500 bc, Bell Beaker pottery became widespread across western and central Europe, before it disappeared between 2200 and 1800 bc. The forces that propelled its expansion are a matter of long-standing debate, and there is support for both cultural diffusion and migration having a role in this process. Here we present genome-wide data from 400 Neolithic, Copper Age and Bronze Age Europeans, including 226 individuals associated with Beaker-complex artefacts. We detected limited genetic affinity between Beaker-complex-associated individuals from Iberia and central Europe, and thus exclude migration as an important mechanism of spread between these two regions. However, migration had a key role in the further dissemination of the Beaker complex. We document this phenomenon most clearly in Britain, where the spread of the Beaker complex introduced high levels of steppe-related ancestry and was associated with the replacement of approximately 90% of Britain's gene pool within a few hundred years, continuing the east-to-west expansion that had brought steppe-related ancestry into central and northern Europe over the previous centuries.

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22 MARCH 2018 | VOL 555 | NATURE | 543
ERRATUM
doi:10.1038/nature26164
Erratum: The Beaker phenomenon
and the genomic transformation of
northwest Europe
Iñigo Olalde, Selina Brace, Morten E. Allentoft,
Ian Armit, Kristian Kristiansen, Thomas Booth,
Nadin Rohland, Swapan Mallick, Anna Szécsényi-
Nagy, Alissa Mittnik, Eveline Altena, Mark Lipson,
Iosif Lazaridis, Thomas K. Harper, Nick Patterson,
Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht, Yoan Diekmann,
Zuzana Faltyskova, Daniel Fernandes, Matthew Ferry,
Eadaoin Harney, Peter de Knijff, Megan Michel,
Jonas Oppenheimer, Kristin Stewardson,
Alistair Barclay, Kurt Werner Alt, Corina Liesau,
Patricia Ríos, Concepción Blasco, Jorge Vega Miguel,
Roberto Menduiña García, Azucena Avilés Fernández,
Eszter Bánffy, Maria Bernabò-Brea, David Billoin,
Clive Bonsall, Laura Bonsall, Tim Allen, Lindsey Büster,
Sophie Carver, Laura Castells Navarro, Oliver E. Craig,
Gordon T. Cook, Barry Cunliffe, Anthony Denaire,
Kirsten Egging Dinwiddy, Natasha Dodwell, Michal Ernée,
Christopher Evans, Milan Kuchařík, Joan Francès Farré,
Chris Fowler, Michiel Gazenbeek, Rafael Garrido Pena,
María Haber-Uriarte, Elżbieta Haduch, Gill Hey,
Nick Jowett, Timothy Knowles, Ken Massy, Saskia Pfrengle,
Philippe Lefranc, Olivier Lemercier, Arnaud Lefebvre,
César Heras Martínez, Virginia Galera Olmo,
Ana Bastida Ramírez, Joaquín Lomba Maurandi,
Tona Majó, Jacqueline I. McKinley, Kathleen McSweeney,
Balázs Gusztáv Mende, Alessandra Modi, Gabriella Kulcsár,
Viktória Kiss, András Czene, Róbert Patay, Anna Endrődi,
Kitti Köhler, Tamás Hajdu, Tamás Szeniczey, János Dani,
Zsolt Bernert, Maya Hoole, Olivia Cheronet, Denise Keating,
Petr Velemínský, Miroslav Dobeš, Francesca Candilio,
Fraser Brown, Raúl Flores Fernández, Ana-Mercedes Herrero-
Corral, Sebastiano Tusa, Emiliano Carnieri, Luigi Lentini,
Antonella Valenti, Alessandro Zanini, Clive Waddington,
Germán Delibes, Elisa Guerra-Doce, Benjamin Neil,
Marcus Brittain, Mike Luke, Richard Mortimer,
Jocelyne Desideri, Marie Besse, Günter Brücken,
Mirosław Furmanek, Agata Hałuszko, Maksym Mackiewicz,
Artur Rapiński, Stephany Leach, Ignacio Soriano,
Katina T. Lillios, João Luís Cardoso, Michael Parker Pearson,
Piotr Włodarczak, T. Douglas Price, Pilar Prieto, Pierre-
Jérôme Rey, Roberto Risch, Manuel A. Rojo Guerra,
Aurore Schmitt, Joël Serralongue, Ana Maria Silva,
Václav Smrčka, Luc Vergnaud, João Zilhão, David Caramelli,
Thomas Higham, Mark G. Thomas, Douglas J. Kennett,
Harry Fokkens, Volker Heyd, Alison Sheridan, Karl-
Göran Sjögren, Philipp W. Stockhammer, Johannes Krause,
Ron Pinhasi, Wolfgang Haak, Ian Barnes, Carles Lalueza-Fox &
David Reich
Nature 555, 190–196 (2018); doi:10.1038/nature25738
In this Article, the surname of author Alessandra Modi was incorrectly
listed as ‘Mod’. This has been corrected online.
CORRECTIONS & AMENDMENTS
© 2018 Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature. All rights reserved.
Citations
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Ancient human genomes suggest three ancestral populations for present-day Europeans

Iosif Lazaridis, +136 more
TL;DR: The authors showed that most present-day Europeans derive from at least three highly differentiated populations: west European hunter-gatherers, ancient north Eurasians related to Upper Palaeolithic Siberians, who contributed to both Europeans and Near Easterners; and early European farmers, who were mainly of Near Eastern origin but also harboured west European hunters-gatherer related ancestry.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Formation of Human Populations in South and Central Asia

Vagheesh M. Narasimhan, +145 more
- 06 Sep 2019 - 
TL;DR: It is shown that Steppe ancestry then integrated further south in the first half of the second millennium BCE, contributing up to 30% of the ancestry of modern groups in South Asia, supporting the idea that the archaeologically documented dispersal of domesticates was accompanied by the spread of people from multiple centers of domestication.
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The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years.

Iñigo Olalde, +133 more
- 15 Mar 2019 - 
TL;DR: It is revealed that present-day Basques are best described as a typical Iron Age population without the admixture events that later affected the rest of Iberia, and how the ancestry of the peninsula was transformed by gene flow from North Africa and the eastern Mediterranean is document.
Journal ArticleDOI

Paleolithic to Bronze Age Siberians Reveal Connections with First Americans and across Eurasia

He Yu, +18 more
- 11 Jun 2020 - 
TL;DR: This study demonstrates the most deeply divergent connection between Upper Paleolithic Siberians and the First Americans and reveals human and pathogen mobility across Eurasia during the Bronze Age.
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Tracking Five Millennia of Horse Management with Extensive Ancient Genome Time Series

Antoine Fages, +135 more
- 30 May 2019 - 
TL;DR: This extensive dataset allows us to assess the modern legacy of past equestrian civilizations and finds that two extinct horse lineages existed during early domestication, and the development of modern breeding impacted genetic diversity more dramatically than the previous millennia of human management.
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Frequently Asked Questions (1)
Q1. What are the contributions mentioned in the paper "Erratum: the beaker phenomenon and the genomic transformation of northwest europe" ?

Iñigo Olalde, Selina Brace, morten E. allentoft, Ian armit, Kristian Kristiansen, Thomas Booth, Nadin rohland, Swapan mallick, anna SzécsényiNagy, alissa mittnik, Eveline altena, mark Lipson, Iosif Lazaridis, Thomas K. Thomas, Douglas J.Kennett, Eadaoin harney, Peter de Knijff, megan michel, Jonas Oppenheimer, Kristin Stewards