Journal ArticleDOI
Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells
TLDR
It is shown that exosomes contain both mRNA and microRNA, which can be delivered to another cell, and can be functional in this new location, and it is proposed that this RNA is called “exosomal shuttle RNA” (esRNA).Abstract:
Exosomes are vesicles of endocytic origin released by many cells. These vesicles can mediate communication between cells, facilitating processes such as antigen presentation. Here, we show that exosomes from a mouse and a human mast cell line (MC/9 and HMC-1, respectively), as well as primary bone marrow-derived mouse mast cells, contain RNA. Microarray assessments revealed the presence of mRNA from approximately 1300 genes, many of which are not present in the cytoplasm of the donor cell. In vitro translation proved that the exosome mRNAs were functional. Quality control RNA analysis of total RNA derived from exosomes also revealed presence of small RNAs, including microRNAs. The RNA from mast cell exosomes is transferable to other mouse and human mast cells. After transfer of mouse exosomal RNA to human mast cells, new mouse proteins were found in the recipient cells, indicating that transferred exosomal mRNA can be translated after entering another cell. In summary, we show that exosomes contain both mRNA and microRNA, which can be delivered to another cell, and can be functional in this new location. We propose that this RNA is called "exosomal shuttle RNA" (esRNA).read more
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Multifaceted effects of oligodendroglial exosomes on neurons: impact on neuronal firing rate, signal transduction and gene regulation.
Dominik Fröhlich,Wen Ping Kuo,Carsten Frühbeis,Jyh-Jang Sun,Christoph M. Zehendner,Heiko J. Luhmann,Sheena Pinto,Joern Toedling,Jacqueline Trotter,Eva-Maria Krämer-Albers +9 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that oligodendroglial exosomes also promote neuronal survival during oxygen–glucose deprivation, a model of cerebral ischaemia and provides new insight into the broad spectrum of action of oligodendingrocytes and their effects on neuronal physiology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Therapeutic approaches for cardiac regeneration and repair
TL;DR: Advances in therapeutic approaches for cardiac repair and regeneration are discussed, including cell-based therapies as well as the use of secretory factors, such as microRNAs and exosomes, direct reprogramming strategies, and gene editing to control cardiac remodelling and redirect the adult heart to a regenerative state, and the future prospects of preclinical and clinical trials of heart regeneration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exosome-mediated delivery of functionally active miRNA-155 inhibitor to macrophages
TL;DR: It is shown that B cell-derived exosomes can function as vehicles to deliver exogenous miRNA-155 mimic or inhibitor into hepatocytes or macrophages, respectively and resulted in functionally more efficient inhibition and less cellular toxicity compared to conventional transfection methods.
Journal ArticleDOI
The miRNA plasma signature in response to acute aerobic exercise and endurance training.
Søren Nielsen,Thorbjorn Akerstrom,Anders Rasmussen Rinnov,Christina Yfanti,Camilla Scheele,Bente Klarlund Pedersen,Matthew J. Laye +6 more
TL;DR: In conclusion, acute exercise and chronic endurance training, likely through specific mechanisms unique to each stimulus, robustly modify the miRNA signature of human plasma.
Journal ArticleDOI
Transmission of innate immune signaling by packaging of cGAMP in viral particles.
Matteo Gentili,Joanna Kowal,Mercedes Tkach,Takeshi Satoh,Xavier Lahaye,Cécile Conrad,Marilyn Boyron,Bérangère Lombard,Sylvère Durand,Guido Kroemer,Damarys Loew,Marc Dalod,Clotilde Théry,Nicolas Manel +13 more
TL;DR: CGAMP transfer by viral particles to dendritic cells activated innate immunity and antiviral defenses, and it was shown that cell-free murine cytomegalovirus and Modified Vaccinia Ankara virus contained cGAMP.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
Identification and proteomic profiling of exosomes in human urine
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
Embryonic stem cell-derived microvesicles reprogram hematopoietic progenitors: evidence for horizontal transfer of mRNA and protein delivery.
Janina Ratajczak,Katarzyna Miekus,Magdalena Kucia,Jin Zhang,Ryan Reca,Petr Dvorak,Mariusz Z. Ratajczak +6 more
TL;DR: ES-MV isolated from murine ES cells in serum-free cultures significantly enhanced survival and improved expansion of murine HPC, and upregulated the expression of early pluripotent and early hematopoietic stem cells in these cells.
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