Journal ArticleDOI
Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells
TLDR
It is shown that exosomes contain both mRNA and microRNA, which can be delivered to another cell, and can be functional in this new location, and it is proposed that this RNA is called “exosomal shuttle RNA” (esRNA).Abstract:
Exosomes are vesicles of endocytic origin released by many cells. These vesicles can mediate communication between cells, facilitating processes such as antigen presentation. Here, we show that exosomes from a mouse and a human mast cell line (MC/9 and HMC-1, respectively), as well as primary bone marrow-derived mouse mast cells, contain RNA. Microarray assessments revealed the presence of mRNA from approximately 1300 genes, many of which are not present in the cytoplasm of the donor cell. In vitro translation proved that the exosome mRNAs were functional. Quality control RNA analysis of total RNA derived from exosomes also revealed presence of small RNAs, including microRNAs. The RNA from mast cell exosomes is transferable to other mouse and human mast cells. After transfer of mouse exosomal RNA to human mast cells, new mouse proteins were found in the recipient cells, indicating that transferred exosomal mRNA can be translated after entering another cell. In summary, we show that exosomes contain both mRNA and microRNA, which can be delivered to another cell, and can be functional in this new location. We propose that this RNA is called "exosomal shuttle RNA" (esRNA).read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Adipose Tissue Exosome-Like Vesicles Mediate Activation of Macrophage-Induced Insulin Resistance
Zhongbin Deng,Anton Poliakov,Robert W. Hardy,Ronald H. Clements,Cunren Liu,Yuelong Liu,Jianhua Wang,Xiaoyu Xiang,Shuangqin Zhang,Xiaoying Zhuang,Spandan V. Shah,Dongmei Sun,Sue Michalek,William E. Grizzle,Timothy W Garvey,James A. Mobley,Huang-Ge Zhang +16 more
TL;DR: ELVs released by adipose tissue can act as a mode of communication between adipose tissues and macrophages and insulin resistance requires the TLR4/TRIF pathway.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exosomes released by chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells induce the transition of stromal cells into cancer-associated fibroblasts
Jérôme Paggetti,Franziska Haderk,Martina Seiffert,Bassam Janji,Ute Distler,Wim Ammerlaan,Yeoun Jin Kim,Julien Adam,Peter Lichter,Eric Solary,Guy Berchem,Etienne Moussay +11 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that CLL-derived exosomes actively promote disease progression by modulating several functions of surrounding stromal cells that acquire features of cancer-associated fibroblasts, contributing to a tumor-supportive microenvironment.
Journal ArticleDOI
MicroRNAs in Liver Disease
TL;DR: The role of microRNAs in liver physiology and pathophysiology is reviewed, focusing on viral hepatitis, liver fibrosis, and cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Anticancer Drugs Cause Release of Exosomes with Heat Shock Proteins from Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells That Elicit Effective Natural Killer Cell Antitumor Responses in Vitro
Li-Hong Lv,Yun-Le Wan,Yan Lin,Wei Zhang,Mei Yang,Guolin Li,Hao-ming Lin,Changzhen Shang,Yajin Chen,Jun Min +9 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that exosomes derived from resistant anticancer drug-treated HepG2 cells conferred superior immunogenicity in inducing HSP-specific NK cell responses, which provided a clue for finding an efficient vaccine for hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy.
Journal ArticleDOI
Re-Engineering Extracellular Vesicles as Smart Nanoscale Therapeutics
TL;DR: This review focuses on methods in which EVs can be chemically or biologically modified to broaden, alter, or enhance their therapeutic capability, and examines two broad strategies, which have been used to introduce a wide range of nanoparticles, reporter systems, targeting peptides, pharmaceutics, and functional RNA molecules.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
Embryonic stem cell-derived microvesicles reprogram hematopoietic progenitors: evidence for horizontal transfer of mRNA and protein delivery.
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