Journal ArticleDOI
Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells
TLDR
It is shown that exosomes contain both mRNA and microRNA, which can be delivered to another cell, and can be functional in this new location, and it is proposed that this RNA is called “exosomal shuttle RNA” (esRNA).Abstract:
Exosomes are vesicles of endocytic origin released by many cells. These vesicles can mediate communication between cells, facilitating processes such as antigen presentation. Here, we show that exosomes from a mouse and a human mast cell line (MC/9 and HMC-1, respectively), as well as primary bone marrow-derived mouse mast cells, contain RNA. Microarray assessments revealed the presence of mRNA from approximately 1300 genes, many of which are not present in the cytoplasm of the donor cell. In vitro translation proved that the exosome mRNAs were functional. Quality control RNA analysis of total RNA derived from exosomes also revealed presence of small RNAs, including microRNAs. The RNA from mast cell exosomes is transferable to other mouse and human mast cells. After transfer of mouse exosomal RNA to human mast cells, new mouse proteins were found in the recipient cells, indicating that transferred exosomal mRNA can be translated after entering another cell. In summary, we show that exosomes contain both mRNA and microRNA, which can be delivered to another cell, and can be functional in this new location. We propose that this RNA is called "exosomal shuttle RNA" (esRNA).read more
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Comparison of ultracentrifugation, density gradient separation, and immunoaffinity capture methods for isolating human colon cancer cell line LIM1863-derived exosomes.
Bow J. Tauro,David W. Greening,Rommel A. Mathias,Hong Ji,Suresh Mathivanan,Andrew M. Scott,Richard J. Simpson +6 more
TL;DR: IAC-Exos is found to be the most effective method to isolate exosomes based on the number of MS/MS spectra identified for exosome markers and proteins associated with their biogenesis, trafficking, and release.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exogenous plant MIR168a specifically targets mammalian LDLRAP1: Evidence of cross-kingdom regulation by microRNA
Lin Zhang,Dongxia Hou,Xi Chen,Donghai Li,Lingyun Zhu,Lingyun Zhu,Yujing Zhang,Jing Li,Zhen Bian,Xiangying Liang,Xing Cai,Yuan Yin,Cheng Wang,Tianfu Zhang,Dihan Zhu,Dianmu Zhang,Jie Xu,Qun Chen,Yi Ba,Jing Liu,Qiang Wang,Jian-Qun Chen,Jin Wang,Meng Wang,Qipeng Zhang,Junfeng Zhang,Ke Zen,Chen-Yu Zhang +27 more
TL;DR: It is shown that MIR168a could bind to the human/mouse low-density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 (LDLRAP1) mRNA, inhibit LDLRAP1 expression in liver, and consequently decrease LDL removal from mouse plasma, demonstrating that exogenous plant miRNAs in food can regulate the expression of target genes in mammals.
Journal ArticleDOI
New Technologies for Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles
TL;DR: This article aims to present a comprehensive and critical overview of emerging analytical technologies for EV detection and their clinical applications.
Journal ArticleDOI
MicroRNAs en route to the clinic: progress in validating and targeting microRNAs for cancer therapy
TL;DR: Progress in using mouse models to understand the roles ofmiRNAs in cancer and the potential for manipulating miRNAs for cancer therapy as these molecules make their way towards clinical trials are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exosomes as therapeutic drug carriers and delivery vehicles across biological membranes: current perspectives and future challenges
TL;DR: The origin and structure of exosomes as well as their biological functions are outlined and specific applications of exOSomes as drug delivery systems in pharmaceutical drug development are focused on.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
Identification and proteomic profiling of exosomes in human urine
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Journal ArticleDOI
Fate of the transferrin receptor during maturation of sheep reticulocytes in vitro: Selective externalization of the receptor
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Journal ArticleDOI
Embryonic stem cell-derived microvesicles reprogram hematopoietic progenitors: evidence for horizontal transfer of mRNA and protein delivery.
Janina Ratajczak,Katarzyna Miekus,Magdalena Kucia,Jin Zhang,Ryan Reca,Petr Dvorak,Mariusz Z. Ratajczak +6 more
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