Journal ArticleDOI
Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells
TLDR
It is shown that exosomes contain both mRNA and microRNA, which can be delivered to another cell, and can be functional in this new location, and it is proposed that this RNA is called “exosomal shuttle RNA” (esRNA).Abstract:
Exosomes are vesicles of endocytic origin released by many cells. These vesicles can mediate communication between cells, facilitating processes such as antigen presentation. Here, we show that exosomes from a mouse and a human mast cell line (MC/9 and HMC-1, respectively), as well as primary bone marrow-derived mouse mast cells, contain RNA. Microarray assessments revealed the presence of mRNA from approximately 1300 genes, many of which are not present in the cytoplasm of the donor cell. In vitro translation proved that the exosome mRNAs were functional. Quality control RNA analysis of total RNA derived from exosomes also revealed presence of small RNAs, including microRNAs. The RNA from mast cell exosomes is transferable to other mouse and human mast cells. After transfer of mouse exosomal RNA to human mast cells, new mouse proteins were found in the recipient cells, indicating that transferred exosomal mRNA can be translated after entering another cell. In summary, we show that exosomes contain both mRNA and microRNA, which can be delivered to another cell, and can be functional in this new location. We propose that this RNA is called "exosomal shuttle RNA" (esRNA).read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
DNA methylation-associated silencing of tumor-suppressor microRNAs in cancer
TL;DR: Even at this early stage, the transcriptional repression of miRNAs by hypermethylation of their corresponding promoter loci seems to be a common feature of all human tumors, which will have translational consequences for the management of the disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aptasensor with Expanded Nucleotide Using DNA Nanotetrahedra for Electrochemical Detection of Cancerous Exosomes
Sai Wang,Liqin Zhang,Shuo Wan,Sena Cansiz,Cheng Cui,Yuan Liu,Yuan Liu,Ren Cai,Cheng-Yi Hong,I-Ting Teng,Muling Shi,Muling Shi,Yuan Wu,Yuan Wu,Yiyang Dong,Weihong Tan,Weihong Tan +16 more
TL;DR: The oriented immobilization of aptamers significantly improved the accessibility of an artificial nucleobase-containing aptamer to suspended exosome, and the NTH-assisted aptasensor could detect exosomes with 100-fold higher sensitivity when compared to the single-stranded aptamer-functionalized aptas sensor.
Journal ArticleDOI
ExoCarta as a resource for exosomal research
TL;DR: The utility of ExoCarta for exosomal research is discussed and biomedical researchers in the field to deposit their datasets directly to Exo Carta are urged.
Journal ArticleDOI
Circulating microRNAs: New biomarkers in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment of cancer (Review)
Alessandro Allegra,Andrea Alonci,Salvatore Campo,Giuseppa Penna,Annamaria Petrungaro,Demetrio Gerace,Caterina Musolino +6 more
TL;DR: The role of circulating miRNAs could be particularly relevant in the context of neoplastic diseases, and the profiling of alterations in circulating miRNA that may signal a predisposition to cancer, could also be a therapeutic target in these patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Detailed analysis of the plasma extracellular vesicle proteome after separation from lipoproteins
Nasibeh Karimi,Nasibeh Karimi,Aleksander Cvjetkovic,Su Chul Jang,Rossella Crescitelli,Mohammad Ali Hosseinpour Feizi,Rienk Nieuwland,Jan Lötvall,Cecilia Lässer +8 more
TL;DR: It is shown that SEC alone is unable to completely separate plasma EVs from lipoprotein particles, however, combining SEC with a density cushion significantly improved the separation of EVs fromlipoproteins and allowed for a detailed analysis of the proteome of plasma EVs, thus making blood a viable source for EV biomarker discovery.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Azra Krek,Dominic Grün,Matthew N. Poy,Rachel Wolf,Lauren Rosenberg,Eric J Epstein,Philip MacMenamin,Isabelle da Piedade,Kristin C. Gunsalus,Markus Stoffel,Nikolaus Rajewsky +10 more
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Graça Raposo,Hans W. Nijman,Willem Stoorvogel,R Liejendekker,Clifford V. Harding,Cornelis J. M. Melief,Hans J. Geuze +6 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Identification and proteomic profiling of exosomes in human urine
TL;DR: The results indicate that exosome isolation may provide an efficient first step in biomarker discovery in urine and identify numerous protein components of MVBs and of the endosomal pathway in general.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fate of the transferrin receptor during maturation of sheep reticulocytes in vitro: Selective externalization of the receptor
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TL;DR: The fate of the transferrin receptor during in vitro maturation of sheep reticulocytes has been followed using FITC- and 125I-labeled anti-transferrin-receptor antibodies and it can be shown that at 0 degree C or in phosphate-buffered saline the rate of vesicle release is less than that at 37 degrees C in culture medium.
Journal ArticleDOI
Embryonic stem cell-derived microvesicles reprogram hematopoietic progenitors: evidence for horizontal transfer of mRNA and protein delivery.
Janina Ratajczak,Katarzyna Miekus,Magdalena Kucia,Jin Zhang,Ryan Reca,Petr Dvorak,Mariusz Z. Ratajczak +6 more
TL;DR: ES-MV isolated from murine ES cells in serum-free cultures significantly enhanced survival and improved expansion of murine HPC, and upregulated the expression of early pluripotent and early hematopoietic stem cells in these cells.
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