Journal ArticleDOI
Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells
TLDR
It is shown that exosomes contain both mRNA and microRNA, which can be delivered to another cell, and can be functional in this new location, and it is proposed that this RNA is called “exosomal shuttle RNA” (esRNA).Abstract:
Exosomes are vesicles of endocytic origin released by many cells. These vesicles can mediate communication between cells, facilitating processes such as antigen presentation. Here, we show that exosomes from a mouse and a human mast cell line (MC/9 and HMC-1, respectively), as well as primary bone marrow-derived mouse mast cells, contain RNA. Microarray assessments revealed the presence of mRNA from approximately 1300 genes, many of which are not present in the cytoplasm of the donor cell. In vitro translation proved that the exosome mRNAs were functional. Quality control RNA analysis of total RNA derived from exosomes also revealed presence of small RNAs, including microRNAs. The RNA from mast cell exosomes is transferable to other mouse and human mast cells. After transfer of mouse exosomal RNA to human mast cells, new mouse proteins were found in the recipient cells, indicating that transferred exosomal mRNA can be translated after entering another cell. In summary, we show that exosomes contain both mRNA and microRNA, which can be delivered to another cell, and can be functional in this new location. We propose that this RNA is called "exosomal shuttle RNA" (esRNA).read more
Citations
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Current State of Circulating MicroRNAs as Cancer Biomarkers
Yuqing He,Juanjuan Lin,Danli Kong,Mingyuan Huang,Chengkai Xu,Taek-Kyun Kim,Alton Etheridge,Yanhong Luo,Yuanlin Ding,Kai Wang +9 more
TL;DR: Results suggest that it may be possible to use miRNAs to detect cancers in general, and better understanding of intra- and intercellular miRNA trafficking and the fundamental biology of cancer cell-derived lipid vesicles may facilitate the development of circulating miRNA-based biomarkers for cancer detection and classification.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stem cells as drug delivery methods: Application of stem cell secretome for regeneration☆
TL;DR: Stem cells can be considered as tunable pharmacological storehouses useful for combinatorial drug manufacture and delivery and shown great potential in a variety of clinical applications including the restoration of function in cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, oncologic, and genitourinary pathologies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Emerging Role of Neuronal Exosomes in the Central Nervous System
TL;DR: In vitro evidence now demonstrates that exosomes are released by neurons in a way depending on synaptic activity; these exosome can be retaken by other neurons suggesting a novel way for inter-neuronal communication.
Journal ArticleDOI
Endothelial cells suppress monocyte activation through secretion of extracellular vesicles containing antiinflammatory microRNAs.
Makon-Sébastien Njock,Makon-Sébastien Njock,Henry S. Cheng,Henry S. Cheng,Lan T.H. Dang,Lan T.H. Dang,Maliheh Nazari-Jahantigh,Andrew C. Lau,Andrew C. Lau,Emilie Boudreau,Emilie Boudreau,Mark Roufaiel,Mark Roufaiel,Myron I. Cybulsky,Myron I. Cybulsky,Andreas Schober,Jason E. Fish,Jason E. Fish +17 more
TL;DR: It is revealed that ECs secrete EVs that can modulate monocyte activation and suggest that altered EV secretion and/or microRNA content may affect vascular inflammation in the setting of cardiovascular disease.
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Mechanisms and therapeutic implications of cellular senescence in osteoarthritis.
TL;DR: Targeting senescence for OA therapy is a promising new approach that deserves further investigation and may enhance the effectiveness of existing therapeutics and provide relief for patients with OA.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Identification and proteomic profiling of exosomes in human urine
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Journal ArticleDOI
Embryonic stem cell-derived microvesicles reprogram hematopoietic progenitors: evidence for horizontal transfer of mRNA and protein delivery.
Janina Ratajczak,Katarzyna Miekus,Magdalena Kucia,Jin Zhang,Ryan Reca,Petr Dvorak,Mariusz Z. Ratajczak +6 more
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