Human gut microbiome viewed across age and geography
Tanya Yatsunenko,Federico E. Rey,Mark J. Manary,Mark J. Manary,Indi Trehan,Indi Trehan,Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello,Monica Contreras,Magda Magris,Glida Hidalgo,Robert N. Baldassano,Andrey P. Anokhin,Andrew C. Heath,Barbara B. Warner,Jens Reeder,Justin Kuczynski,J. Gregory Caporaso,Catherine A. Lozupone,Christian L. Lauber,Jose C. Clemente,Dan Knights,Rob Knight,Jeffrey I. Gordon +22 more
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TLDR
The need to consider the microbiome when evaluating human development, nutritional needs, physiological variations and the impact of westernization is underscored, as distinctive features of the functional maturation of the gut microbiome are evident in early infancy as well as adulthood.Abstract:
Gut microbial communities represent one source of human genetic and metabolic diversity. To examine how gut microbiomes differ among human populations, here we characterize bacterial species in fecal samples from 531 individuals, plus the gene content of 110 of them. The cohort encompassed healthy children and adults from the Amazonas of Venezuela, rural Malawi and US metropolitan areas and included mono- and dizygotic twins. Shared features of the functional maturation of the gut microbiome were identified during the first three years of life in all three populations, including age-associated changes in the genes involved in vitamin biosynthesis and metabolism. Pronounced differences in bacterial assemblages and functional gene repertoires were noted between US residents and those in the other two countries. These distinctive features are evident in early infancy as well as adulthood. Our findings underscore the need to consider the microbiome when evaluating human development, nutritional needs, physiological variations and the impact of westernization.read more
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Human intestinal microbiota composition is associated with local and systemic inflammation in obesity
Froukje J. Verdam,Susana Fuentes,Charlotte de Jonge,Erwin G. Zoetendal,Runi Erbil,Jan Greve,Wim A. Buurman,Willem M. de Vos,Sander S. Rensen +8 more
TL;DR: The relationship between microbiota composition, intestinal permeability, and inflammation in nonobese and obese subjects was investigated and it was found that gut microbiota composition and inflammation are related to obesity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of environmental pollutants on gut microbiota
TL;DR: The possible effects of environmental pollutants including antibiotics, heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, pesticides, nanomaterials, and food additives on gut microbiota and their subsequent effects on health are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Patterned Progression of Bacterial Populations in the Premature Infant Gut
Patricio S. La Rosa,Barbara B. Warner,Yanjiao Zhou,George M. Weinstock,Erica Sodergren,Carla Hall-Moore,Harold J. Stevens,William E. Bennett,Nurmohammad Shaikh,Laura Linneman,Julie A. Hoffmann,Aaron Hamvas,Elena Deych,Berkley Shands,William D. Shannon,Phillip I. Tarr +15 more
TL;DR: In premature infants, gut bacterial communities have an overall nonrandom assembly that is punctuated by microbial population abruptions, raising the possibility that host biology, more than exogenous factors such as antibiotics, feeds, and route of delivery, drives bacterial populations in the premature newborn infant gut.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bifidobacteria or Fiber Protects against Diet-Induced Microbiota-Mediated Colonic Mucus Deterioration
Bjoern O. Schroeder,George M. H. Birchenough,Marcus Ståhlman,Liisa Arike,Malin E. V. Johansson,Gunnar C. Hansson,Fredrik Bäckhed,Fredrik Bäckhed +7 more
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that the presence of distinct bacteria is crucial for proper mucus function, and this work shows that mice fed a WSD have an altered colonic microbiota composition that causes increased penetrability and a reduced growth rate of the inner mucus layer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Early Respiratory Microbiota Composition Determines Bacterial Succession Patterns and Respiratory Health in Children
Giske Biesbroek,Evgeni Tsivtsivadze,Elisabeth A. M. Sanders,Roy Christiaan Montijn,Reinier H. Veenhoven,Bart J. F. Keijser,Debby Bogaert +6 more
TL;DR: These findings provide novel insights into microbial succession in the respiratory tract in infancy and link early-life profiles to microbiota stability and respiratory health characteristics.
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QIIME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing data.
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