Human gut microbiome viewed across age and geography
Tanya Yatsunenko,Federico E. Rey,Mark J. Manary,Mark J. Manary,Indi Trehan,Indi Trehan,Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello,Monica Contreras,Magda Magris,Glida Hidalgo,Robert N. Baldassano,Andrey P. Anokhin,Andrew C. Heath,Barbara B. Warner,Jens Reeder,Justin Kuczynski,J. Gregory Caporaso,Catherine A. Lozupone,Christian L. Lauber,Jose C. Clemente,Dan Knights,Rob Knight,Jeffrey I. Gordon +22 more
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TLDR
The need to consider the microbiome when evaluating human development, nutritional needs, physiological variations and the impact of westernization is underscored, as distinctive features of the functional maturation of the gut microbiome are evident in early infancy as well as adulthood.Abstract:
Gut microbial communities represent one source of human genetic and metabolic diversity. To examine how gut microbiomes differ among human populations, here we characterize bacterial species in fecal samples from 531 individuals, plus the gene content of 110 of them. The cohort encompassed healthy children and adults from the Amazonas of Venezuela, rural Malawi and US metropolitan areas and included mono- and dizygotic twins. Shared features of the functional maturation of the gut microbiome were identified during the first three years of life in all three populations, including age-associated changes in the genes involved in vitamin biosynthesis and metabolism. Pronounced differences in bacterial assemblages and functional gene repertoires were noted between US residents and those in the other two countries. These distinctive features are evident in early infancy as well as adulthood. Our findings underscore the need to consider the microbiome when evaluating human development, nutritional needs, physiological variations and the impact of westernization.read more
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Deciphering chicken gut microbial dynamics based on high-throughput 16S rRNA metagenomics analyses
TL;DR: The caeca microbial communities were more diverse in comparison to ilea and caeca, and the main functional differences between the two sites were found to be related to nutrient absorption and bacterial colonization.
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The altered landscape of the human skin microbiome in patients with primary immunodeficiencies
Julia Oh,Alexandra F. Freeman,Nisc Comparative Sequencing Program,Morgan Park,Robert A. Sokolic,Fabio Candotti,Steven M. Holland,Julia A. Segre,Heidi H. Kong +8 more
TL;DR: Differences in microbial colonization and community stability in PID skin are examined and their understanding of host-microbiome interactions is informed, suggesting a bidirectional dialogue between skin commensals and the host organism.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intestinal dysbiosis and probiotic applications in autoimmune diseases.
Gislane Lelis Vilela de Oliveira,Aline Zazeri Leite,Bruna Stevanato Higuchi,Marina Ignácio Gonzaga,Vânia Sammartino Mariano +4 more
TL;DR: A general overview of studies describing gut microbiota perturbations in animal models of autoimmune diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus is provided.
Book ChapterDOI
A Post-Genomic View of the Ecophysiology, Catabolism and Biotechnological Relevance of Sulphate-Reducing Prokaryotes
Ralf Rabus,Sofia S. Venceslau,Lars Wöhlbrand,Gerrit Voordouw,Judy D. Wall,Inês A. C. Pereira +5 more
TL;DR: The wealth of publications in this period is a testimony to the large environmental, biogeochemical and technological relevance of these organisms and how much the field has progressed in these years, although many important questions and applications remain to be explored.
Journal ArticleDOI
The intestinal metabolome: an intersection between microbiota and host.
Luke K. Ursell,Henry J. Haiser,Will Van Treuren,Neha Garg,Lavanya Reddivari,Jairam Vanamala,Pieter C. Dorrestein,Peter J. Turnbaugh,Rob Knight,Rob Knight +9 more
TL;DR: How the microbiota determines levels of specific metabolites, how the metabolite profile develops in infants, and prospects for assessing a person's physiological state based on their microbes and/or metabolites are reviewed.
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QIIME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing data.
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