Human gut microbiome viewed across age and geography
Tanya Yatsunenko,Federico E. Rey,Mark J. Manary,Mark J. Manary,Indi Trehan,Indi Trehan,Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello,Monica Contreras,Magda Magris,Glida Hidalgo,Robert N. Baldassano,Andrey P. Anokhin,Andrew C. Heath,Barbara B. Warner,Jens Reeder,Justin Kuczynski,J. Gregory Caporaso,Catherine A. Lozupone,Christian L. Lauber,Jose C. Clemente,Dan Knights,Rob Knight,Jeffrey I. Gordon +22 more
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TLDR
The need to consider the microbiome when evaluating human development, nutritional needs, physiological variations and the impact of westernization is underscored, as distinctive features of the functional maturation of the gut microbiome are evident in early infancy as well as adulthood.Abstract:
Gut microbial communities represent one source of human genetic and metabolic diversity. To examine how gut microbiomes differ among human populations, here we characterize bacterial species in fecal samples from 531 individuals, plus the gene content of 110 of them. The cohort encompassed healthy children and adults from the Amazonas of Venezuela, rural Malawi and US metropolitan areas and included mono- and dizygotic twins. Shared features of the functional maturation of the gut microbiome were identified during the first three years of life in all three populations, including age-associated changes in the genes involved in vitamin biosynthesis and metabolism. Pronounced differences in bacterial assemblages and functional gene repertoires were noted between US residents and those in the other two countries. These distinctive features are evident in early infancy as well as adulthood. Our findings underscore the need to consider the microbiome when evaluating human development, nutritional needs, physiological variations and the impact of westernization.read more
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Gut Microbiota Offers Universal Biomarkers across Ethnicity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Diagnosis and Infliximab Response Prediction
Youlian Zhou,Youlian Zhou,Zhenjiang Zech Xu,Zhenjiang Zech Xu,Yan He,Yunsheng Yang,Le Liu,Qian-Yun Lin,Yuqiang Nie,Mingsong Li,Fachao Zhi,Side Liu,Amnon Amir,Antonio Gonzalez,Anupriya Tripathi,Minhu Chen,Gary D. Wu,Rob Knight,Hongwei Zhou,Ye Chen +19 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that gut microbiota can offer a set of universal biomarkers for diagnosis, disease activity evaluation, and infliximab treatment response prediction in IBD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microbiota-gut-brain axis and the central nervous system.
TL;DR: The latest advances of studies on the correlation between gut microorganisms and CNS functions & diseases are reviewed, indicating the existence of a microbiota-gut-brain axis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Making a microbiome: the many determinants of host-associated microbial community composition.
Karen L. Adair,Angela E. Douglas +1 more
TL;DR: By applying a community ecology perspective encompassing the microbial metacommunity, the many determinants of host-associated microbial community composition can be identified, guiding the directions of future research.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intestinal microbiota in healthy U.S. young children and adults--a high throughput microarray analysis.
Tamar Ringel-Kulka,Jing Cheng,Yehuda Ringel,Jarkko Salojärvi,Ian M. Carroll,Airi Palva,Willem M. de Vos,Willem M. de Vos,Reetta Satokari +8 more
TL;DR: The establishment of an adult-like intestinal microbiota occurs at a later age than previously reported and is shown to be established at an early age by high-throughput bacterial phylogenetic microarray analysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Modulation of intestinal microbiota by the probiotic VSL#3 resets brain gene expression and ameliorates the age-related deficit in LTP.
Eleonora Distrutti,Julie-Ann O’Reilly,Claire L. McDonald,Sabrina Cipriani,Barbara Renga,Marina A. Lynch,Stefano Fiorucci +6 more
TL;DR: Treatment of aged rats with VSL#3 induced a robust change in the composition of intestinal microbiota with an increase in the abundance of Actinobacteria and Bacterioidetes, which was reduced in control-treated aged rats and the data support the notion that intestinal microbiota can be manipulated to positively impact on neuronal function.
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A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing
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TL;DR: The Illumina-based metagenomic sequencing, assembly and characterization of 3.3 million non-redundant microbial genes, derived from 576.7 gigabases of sequence, from faecal samples of 124 European individuals are described, indicating that the entire cohort harbours between 1,000 and 1,150 prevalent bacterial species and each individual at least 160 such species.
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QIIME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing data.
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