Human gut microbiome viewed across age and geography
Tanya Yatsunenko,Federico E. Rey,Mark J. Manary,Mark J. Manary,Indi Trehan,Indi Trehan,Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello,Monica Contreras,Magda Magris,Glida Hidalgo,Robert N. Baldassano,Andrey P. Anokhin,Andrew C. Heath,Barbara B. Warner,Jens Reeder,Justin Kuczynski,J. Gregory Caporaso,Catherine A. Lozupone,Christian L. Lauber,Jose C. Clemente,Dan Knights,Rob Knight,Jeffrey I. Gordon +22 more
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TLDR
The need to consider the microbiome when evaluating human development, nutritional needs, physiological variations and the impact of westernization is underscored, as distinctive features of the functional maturation of the gut microbiome are evident in early infancy as well as adulthood.Abstract:
Gut microbial communities represent one source of human genetic and metabolic diversity. To examine how gut microbiomes differ among human populations, here we characterize bacterial species in fecal samples from 531 individuals, plus the gene content of 110 of them. The cohort encompassed healthy children and adults from the Amazonas of Venezuela, rural Malawi and US metropolitan areas and included mono- and dizygotic twins. Shared features of the functional maturation of the gut microbiome were identified during the first three years of life in all three populations, including age-associated changes in the genes involved in vitamin biosynthesis and metabolism. Pronounced differences in bacterial assemblages and functional gene repertoires were noted between US residents and those in the other two countries. These distinctive features are evident in early infancy as well as adulthood. Our findings underscore the need to consider the microbiome when evaluating human development, nutritional needs, physiological variations and the impact of westernization.read more
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Gut Microbiome: What We Do and Don't Know.
Gail A. Cresci,Emmy Bawden +1 more
TL;DR: This article reviews what is currently known regarding various influences on the gut microbiome and is meant to encourage the reader to further explore the unknown.
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Frédéric Delsuc,Frédéric Delsuc,Jessica L. Metcalf,Laura Wegener Parfrey,Se Jin Song,Antonio Gonzalez,Rob Knight +6 more
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Oscillospira and related bacteria - From metagenomic species to metabolic features.
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The three genetics (nuclear DNA, mitochondrial DNA, and gut microbiome) of longevity in humans considered as metaorganisms.
Paolo Garagnani,Chiara Pirazzini,Cristina Giuliani,Marco Candela,Patrizia Brigidi,Federica Sevini,Donata Luiselli,Maria Giulia Bacalini,Stefano Salvioli,Miriam Capri,Daniela Monti,Daniela Mari,Sebastiano Collino,Massimo Delledonne,Patrick Descombes,Claudio Franceschi +15 more
TL;DR: In this review, the relationship between the three genetics and human longevity is addressed to point out that a comprehensive view will allow the researchers to properly address the complex interactions that occur during human lifespan.
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Broad-spectrum antibacterial activity of carbon nanotubes to human gut bacteria.
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TL;DR: CNTs may be broad-spectrum and efficient antibacterial agents in the gut, and selective application of CNTs could reduce the potential hazard to probiotic bacteria.
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QIIME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing data.
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