Cancer-related inflammation.
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TLDR
The molecular pathways of this cancer-related inflammation are now being unravelled, resulting in the identification of new target molecules that could lead to improved diagnosis and treatment.Citations
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Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation.
TL;DR: Recognition of the widespread applicability of these concepts will increasingly affect the development of new means to treat human cancer.
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Immunity, Inflammation, and Cancer
TL;DR: The principal mechanisms that govern the effects of inflammation and immunity on tumor development are outlined and attractive new targets for cancer therapy and prevention are discussed.
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Macrophage plasticity and polarization: in vivo veritas
Antonio Sica,Alberto Mantovani +1 more
TL;DR: The identification of mechanisms and molecules associated with macrophage plasticity and polarized activation provides a basis for Macrophage-centered diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Macrophage Activation and Polarization: Nomenclature and Experimental Guidelines
Peter J. Murray,Judith E. Allen,Subhra K. Biswas,Edward A. Fisher,Derek W. Gilroy,Sergij Goerdt,Siamon Gordon,John A. Hamilton,Lionel B. Ivashkiv,Toby Lawrence,Massimo Locati,Alberto Mantovani,Fernando O. Martinez,Jean-Louis Mege,David M. Mosser,Gioacchino Natoli,Jeroen P. J. Saeij,Joachim L. Schultze,Kari Ann Shirey,Antonio Sica,Jill Suttles,Irina A. Udalova,Jo A. Van Ginderachter,Stefanie N. Vogel,Thomas A. Wynn +24 more
TL;DR: A set of standards encompassing three principles-the source of macrophages, definition of the activators, and a consensus collection of markers to describe macrophage activation are described with the goal of unifying experimental standards for diverse experimental scenarios.
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Macrophage Diversity Enhances Tumor Progression and Metastasis
Bin-Zhi Qian,Jeffrey W. Pollard +1 more
TL;DR: There is persuasive clinical and experimental evidence that macrophages promote cancer initiation and malignant progression, and specialized subpopulations of macrophage may represent important new therapeutic targets.
References
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“Re-educating” tumor-associated macrophages by targeting NF-κB
Thorsten Hagemann,Toby Lawrence,Iain A. McNeish,Kellie A. Charles,Hagen Kulbe,Richard G. Thompson,Stephen C. Robinson,Frances R. Balkwill +7 more
TL;DR: A new role for NF-κB in cancer in maintaining the immunosuppressive phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and the potential to “re-educate” the tumor-promoting macrophage population may prove an effective and novel therapeutic approach for cancer that complements existing therapies.
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De novo carcinogenesis promoted by chronic inflammation is B lymphocyte dependent.
TL;DR: It is reported that genetic elimination of mature T and B lymphocytes in a transgenic mouse model of inflammation-associated de novo epithelial carcinogenesis, e.g., K14-HPV16 mice, limits neoplastic progression to development of epithelial hyperplasias that fail to recruit innate immune cells.
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Ras-induced interleukin-8 expression plays a critical role in tumor growth and angiogenesis
Anke Sparmann,Dafna Bar-Sagi +1 more
TL;DR: Using a tumor xenograft model, it is shown that Ras-dependent CXCL-8 secretion is required for the initiation of tumor-associated inflammation and neovascularization and a novel mechanism by which the Ras oncogene can elicit a stromal response that fosters cancer progression.
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Effect of aspirin on long-term risk of colorectal cancer: consistent evidence from randomised and observational studies
E Flossmann,Peter M. Rothwell +1 more
TL;DR: Regular use of aspirin or NSAID was consistently associated with a reduced risk of colorectal cancer, especially after use for 10 years or more, with no difference between aspirin and other NSAIDs, or in relation to age, sex, race, or family history, site or aggressiveness of cancer.
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Aspirin and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Relation to the Expression of COX-2
TL;DR: Regular use of aspirin appears to reduce the risk of colorectal cancers that overexpress COX-2 but not the risk for cancers with weak or absent expression of COx-2.