Journal ArticleDOI
Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene
TLDR
Graphene is established as the strongest material ever measured, and atomically perfect nanoscale materials can be mechanically tested to deformations well beyond the linear regime.Abstract:
We measured the elastic properties and intrinsic breaking strength of free-standing monolayer graphene membranes by nanoindentation in an atomic force microscope. The force-displacement behavior is interpreted within a framework of nonlinear elastic stress-strain response, and yields second- and third-order elastic stiffnesses of 340 newtons per meter (N m(-1)) and -690 Nm(-1), respectively. The breaking strength is 42 N m(-1) and represents the intrinsic strength of a defect-free sheet. These quantities correspond to a Young's modulus of E = 1.0 terapascals, third-order elastic stiffness of D = -2.0 terapascals, and intrinsic strength of sigma(int) = 130 gigapascals for bulk graphite. These experiments establish graphene as the strongest material ever measured, and show that atomically perfect nanoscale materials can be mechanically tested to deformations well beyond the linear regime.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Laser Fabrication of Graphene-Based Flexible Electronics
TL;DR: The various laser fabrication technologies that have been employed for the preparation, processing, and modification of graphene and its derivatives are reviewed and a thorough overview of typical laser-enabled flexible electronic devices that are based on various graphene sources is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Two-dimensional carbon nanostructures: Fundamental properties, synthesis, characterization, and potential applications
Yihong Wu,Ting Yu,Zexiang Shen +2 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the recent progress in this field by extending the scope to various types of two-dimensional carbon nanostructures including graphene and free-standing carbon nanowalls/nanosheets.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exceptional Electrical Conductivity and Fracture Resistance of 3D Interconnected Graphene Foam/Epoxy Composites
TL;DR: 3D graphene foam/epoxy composites prepared based on a three-step fabrication process involving infiltration of epoxy into the porous GF signify the unrivalled effectiveness of 3D GF relative to 1D carbon nanotubes or 2D functionalized graphene sheets as reinforcement for polymer composites without issues of nanofiller dispersion and functionalization prior to incorporation into the polymer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Large-scale patterned multi-layer graphene films as transparent conducting electrodes for GaN light-emitting diodes.
Gunho Jo,Minhyeok Choe,Chu-Young Cho,Jin Ho Kim,Woojin Park,Sangchul Lee,Woong-Ki Hong,Woong-Ki Hong,Tae-Wook Kim,Tae-Wook Kim,Seong-Ju Park,Byung Hee Hong,Yung Ho Kahng,Takhee Lee +13 more
TL;DR: This work demonstrates a large-scale batch fabrication of GaN light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with patterned multi-layer graphene (MLG) as transparent conducting electrodes as a potential development toward future practical application of graphene electrodes in optoelectronic devices.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chemically homogeneous and thermally reversible oxidation of epitaxial graphene
Md. Zakir Hossain,Md. Zakir Hossain,James E. Johns,Kirk H. Bevan,Kirk H. Bevan,Hunter J. Karmel,Yu Teng Liang,Shinya Yoshimoto,Kozo Mukai,Tatanori Koitaya,Jun Yoshinobu,Maki Kawai,Amanda M. Lear,L. L. Kesmodel,Steven L. Tait,Mark C. Hersam +15 more
TL;DR: This work presents an alternative approach for oxidizing epitaxial graphene using atomic oxygen in ultrahigh vacuum, and shows that ultrahigh-vacuum oxidization results in uniform epoxy functionalization, creating new opportunities for the study and application of chemically functionalized graphene.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Raman spectrum of graphene and graphene layers.
Andrea C. Ferrari,Jannik C. Meyer,Vittorio Scardaci,Cinzia Casiraghi,Michele Lazzeri,Francesco Mauri,S. Piscanec,Da Jiang,K. S. Novoselov,S. Roth,A. K. Geim +10 more
TL;DR: This work shows that graphene's electronic structure is captured in its Raman spectrum that clearly evolves with the number of layers, and allows unambiguous, high-throughput, nondestructive identification of graphene layers, which is critically lacking in this emerging research area.
Journal ArticleDOI
Two-dimensional atomic crystals
Kostya S. Novoselov,Da Jiang,Fred Schedin,Timothy J. Booth,V. V. Khotkevich,Sergey V. Morozov,Andre K. Geim +6 more
TL;DR: By using micromechanical cleavage, a variety of 2D crystals including single layers of boron nitride, graphite, several dichalcogenides, and complex oxides are prepared and studied.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Phenomena of Rupture and Flow in Solids
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effect of surface scratches on the mechanical strength of solids, and some general conclusions were reached which appear to have a direct bearing on the problem of rupture, from an engineering standpoint, and also on the larger question of the nature of intermolecular cohesion.
Book
Physical properties of crystals
TL;DR: In this paper, the physical properties of crystals systematically in tensor notation are presented, presenting tensor properties in terms of their common mathematical basis and the thermodynamic relations between them.
Journal ArticleDOI
Strength and breaking mechanism of multiwalled carbon nanotubes under tensile load
TL;DR: The tensile strengths of individual multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were measured with a "nanostressing stage" located within a scanning electron microscope and a variety of structures were revealed, such as a nanotube ribbon, a wave pattern, and partial radial collapse.