Sodium-ion batteries: present and future
TLDR
Current research on materials is summarized and discussed and future directions for SIBs are proposed to provide important insights into scientific and practical issues in the development of S IBs.Abstract:
Energy production and storage technologies have attracted a great deal of attention for day-to-day applications. In recent decades, advances in lithium-ion battery (LIB) technology have improved living conditions around the globe. LIBs are used in most mobile electronic devices as well as in zero-emission electronic vehicles. However, there are increasing concerns regarding load leveling of renewable energy sources and the smart grid as well as the sustainability of lithium sources due to their limited availability and consequent expected price increase. Therefore, whether LIBs alone can satisfy the rising demand for small- and/or mid-to-large-format energy storage applications remains unclear. To mitigate these issues, recent research has focused on alternative energy storage systems. Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) are considered as the best candidate power sources because sodium is widely available and exhibits similar chemistry to that of LIBs; therefore, SIBs are promising next-generation alternatives. Recently, sodiated layer transition metal oxides, phosphates and organic compounds have been introduced as cathode materials for SIBs. Simultaneously, recent developments have been facilitated by the use of select carbonaceous materials, transition metal oxides (or sulfides), and intermetallic and organic compounds as anodes for SIBs. Apart from electrode materials, suitable electrolytes, additives, and binders are equally important for the development of practical SIBs. Despite developments in electrode materials and other components, there remain several challenges, including cell design and electrode balancing, in the application of sodium ion cells. In this article, we summarize and discuss current research on materials and propose future directions for SIBs. This will provide important insights into scientific and practical issues in the development of SIBs.read more
Citations
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Voltage, stability and diffusion barrier differences between sodium-ion and lithium-ion intercalation materials
Shyue Ping Ong,Vincent Chevrier,Geoffroy Hautier,Anubhav Jain,Charles J. Moore,Sangtae Kim,Xiaohua Ma,Gerbrand Ceder +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the difference between Na-ion and Li-ion based intercalation chemistries in terms of three key battery properties, voltage, phase stability and diffusion barriers was compared.
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Structural classification and properties of the layered oxides
TL;DR: In this article, a packing of octahedral and tetrahedral sheets where the alkali ions and the vacancies are distributed is characterized for the pseudo-2D materials AxMO2 and A2MO3 oxides.
Voltage, Stability and Diffusion Barrier Differences between Sodium-ion and Lithium-ion intercalation Materials
Shyue Ping Ong,Vincent Chevrier,Anubhav Jain,Geoffroy Hautier,Charles J. Moore,Sangtae Kim,Xiaohua Ma,Gerbrand Ceder +7 more
Abstract: To evaluate the potential of Na-ion batteries, we contrast in this work the difference between Na-ion and Li-ion based intercalation chemistries in terms of three key battery properties—voltage, phase stability and diffusion barriers. The compounds investigated comprise the layered AMO2 and AMS2 structures, the olivine and maricite AMPO4 structures, and the NASICON A3V2(PO4)3 structures. The calculated Na voltages for the compounds investigated are 0.18–0.57 V lower than that of the corresponding Li voltages, in agreement with previous experimental data. We believe the observed lower voltages for Na compounds are predominantly a cathodic effect related to the much smaller energy gain from inserting Na into the host structure compared to inserting Li. We also found a relatively strong dependence of battery properties on structural features. In general, the difference between the Na and Li voltage of the same structure, DVNa–Li, is less negative for the maricite structures preferred by Na, and more negative for the olivine structures preferred by Li. The layered compounds have the most negative DVNa–Li. In terms of phase stability, we found that open structures, such as the layered and NASICON structures, that are better able to accommodate the larger Na+ ion generally have both Na and Li versions of the same compound. For the close-packed AMPO4 structures, our results show that Na generally prefers the maricite structure, while Li prefers the olivine structure, in agreement with previous experimental work. We also found surprising evidence that the barriers for Na+ migration can potentially be lower than that for Li+ migration in the layered structures. Overall, our findings indicate that Na-ion systems can be competitive with Li-ion systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aqueous Rechargeable Li and Na Ion Batteries
TL;DR: Haegyeom Kim,†,∥ Jihyun Hong,‚∥ Kyu-Young Park,*,∥ Hyungsub Kim,*,‡,∢ Sung-Wook Kim, and Kisuk Kang are authors of this paper.