Open Access
疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]/Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
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TLDR
PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.Abstract:
抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1(PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员,通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。read more
Citations
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Ice nucleation by particles immersed in supercooled cloud droplets
TL;DR: Aerosol species which have been identified in the past as potentially important ice nuclei are introduced and their ice-nucleating ability when immersed in a supercooled droplet is addressed and the importance of ice nucleation by different aerosol types is estimated.
Supporting Online Material for Markets, Religion, Community Size, and the Evolution of Fairness and Punishment
Joseph Henrich,Jean Ensminger,Richard McElreath,Abigail Barr,Clark Barrett,Alexander Bolyanatz,Juan Camilo Cárdenas,Michael Gurven,Edwins Gwako,Natalie Smith Henrich,Carolyn Lesorogol,Frank W. Marlowe,David P. Tracer,John P. Ziker +13 more
TL;DR: Fairness is measured in thousands of individuals from 15 contemporary, small-scale societies to gain an understanding of the evolution of trustworthy exchange among human societies and shows that market integration positively covaries with fairness while community size positively covary with punishment.
Journal ArticleDOI
PRDM9 Is a Major Determinant of Meiotic Recombination Hotspots in Humans and Mice
Frédéric Baudat,Jérôme Buard,Corinne Grey,Adi Fledel-Alon,Carole Ober,Molly Przeworski,Molly Przeworski,Graham Coop,B. de Massy +8 more
TL;DR: The results provide a molecular basis for the distribution of meiotic recombination in mammals, in which the binding of PRDM9 to specific DNA sequences targets the initiation of recombination at specific locations in the genome.
Journal ArticleDOI
Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome.
Kayoko Yamada,Jun Lim,Joseph M. Dale,Huaming Chen,Huaming Chen,Paul Shinn,Paul Shinn,Curtis J. Palm,Audrey Southwick,Hank C. Wu,Christopher Kim,Christopher Kim,Michelle Nguyen,Paul K. Pham,Rosa Cheuk,Rosa Cheuk,George Karlin-Newmann,Shirley X. Liu,Bao Lam,Hitomi Sakano,Troy Wu,Guixia Yu,Molly Miranda,Hong L. Quach,Matthew Tripp,Charlie H. Chang,Jeong M. Lee,Mitsue J. Toriumi,Marie M. H. Chan,Carolyn C. Tang,Courtney Onodera,Justine M. Deng,Kenji Akiyama,Yasser Ansari,Takahiro Arakawa,Jenny Banh,Fumika Banno,Leah Bowser,Shelise Brooks,Piero Carninci,Qimin Chao,Nathan Choy,Akiko Enju,Andrew D. Goldsmith,Mani Gurjal,Nancy F. Hansen,Yoshihide Hayashizaki,Chanda Johnson-Hopson,Vickie Hsuan,Kei Iida,Meagan Karnes,Shehnaz Khan,Eric Koesema,Junko Ishida,Paul X. Jiang,Ted Jones,Jun Kawai,Asako Kamiya,Cristina C. Meyers,Maiko Nakajima,Mari Narusaka,Motoaki Seki,Tetsuya Sakurai,Masakazu Satou,Racquel Tamse,Maria Vaysberg,Erika Wallender,Cecilia Wong,Yuki Yamamura,Shiaulou Yuan,Kazuo Shinozaki,Ronald W. Davis,Athanasios Theologis,Joseph R. Ecker,Joseph R. Ecker +74 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a dual experimental strategy was used to verify and correct the initial genome sequence annotation of the reference plant Arabidopsis and identified 5817 novel transcription units including a substantial amount of antisense gene transcription, and 40 genes within the genetically defined centromeres.
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Beyond Conventional N-Heterocyclic Carbenes: Abnormal, Remote, and Other Classes of NHC Ligands with Reduced Heteroatom Stabilization
TL;DR: The present account is mainly directed toward the impact of these still unusual metal-carbene bonding modes on the electronic properties and on the new catalytic applications that have been realized by employing such new carbene complexes.
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