SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor
Markus Hoffmann,Hannah Kleine-Weber,Simon Schroeder,Nadine Krüger,Tanja Herrler,Sandra Erichsen,Tobias S. Schiergens,Georg Herrler,Nai Huei Wu,Andreas Nitsche,Marcel A. Müller,Christian Drosten,Christian Drosten,Stefan Pöhlmann +13 more
TLDR
It is demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 uses the SARS -CoV receptor ACE2 for entry and the serine protease TMPRSS2 for S protein priming, and it is shown that the sera from convalescent SARS patients cross-neutralized Sars-2-S-driven entry.About:
This article is published in Cell.The article was published on 2020-04-16 and is currently open access. It has received 15362 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Proteases.read more
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An Organoid-derived Bronchioalveolar Model for SARS-CoV-2 Infection of Human Alveolar-type II-like Cells.
Mart M. Lamers,Jelte van der Vaart,Kèvin Knoops,Samra Riesebosch,Tim I Breugem,Anna Z Mykytyn,Joep Beumer,Debby Schipper,Karel Bezstarosti,Charlotte D. Koopman,Nathalie Groen,Raimond B. G. Ravelli,Hans Duimel,Jeroen Demmers,Georges M. G. M. Verjans,Marion Koopmans,Mauro J. Muraro,Peter J. Peters,Hans Clevers,Bart L. Haagmans +19 more
TL;DR: A human 2D air–liquid interface culture system which was characterized by confocal and electron microscopy and single‐cell mRNA expression analysis and revealed induction of type I/III interferon response program is described.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antiviral Activity of Type I, II, and III Interferons Counterbalances ACE2 Inducibility and Restricts SARS-CoV-2.
Idoia Busnadiego,Sonja Fernbach,Marie O. Pohl,Umut Karakus,Michael Huber,Alexandra Trkola,Silke Stertz,Benjamin G. Hale +7 more
TL;DR: Property of type I (β), II (γ), and III (λ1) interferons (IFNs), potent immune cytokines that are normally produced during infection and that upregulate IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) effectors to limit virus replication, are investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sex differences in COVID-19: the role of androgens in disease severity and progression.
TL;DR: Androgen sensitivity may be a critical factor in determining COVID-19 disease severity, and sensitivity tests can, therefore, help in predicting patient outcomes.
Journal ArticleDOI
A plasmid DNA-launched SARS-CoV-2 reverse genetics system and coronavirus toolkit for COVID-19 research.
Suzannah J. Rihn,Andreas Merits,Siddharth Bakshi,Matthew L. Turnbull,Arthur Wickenhagen,Akira J T Alexander,Carla Baillie,Benjamin Brennan,Fiona Brown,Kirstyn Brunker,Steven R. Bryden,Kerry A. Burness,Stephen Carmichael,Sarah Cole,Vanessa M. Cowton,Paul Davies,Chris Davis,Giuditta De Lorenzo,Claire L. Donald,Mark Dorward,James I. Dunlop,Matthew Elliott,Mazigh Fares,Ana da Silva Filipe,Joseph R Freitas,Wilhelm Furnon,Rommel J. Gestuveo,Rommel J. Gestuveo,Anna Geyer,Daniel M. Giesel,Daniel M. Goldfarb,Nicola Goodman,Rory Gunson,C. James Hastie,Vanessa Herder,Joseph Hughes,Clare Johnson,Natasha Johnson,Alain Kohl,Karen Kerr,Hannah Leech,Laura Sandra Lello,Kathy Li,Gauthier Lieber,Xiang Liu,Rajendra Lingala,Colin Loney,Daniel Mair,Marion McElwee,Steven McFarlane,Jenna Nichols,Kyriaki Nomikou,Anne Orr,Richard J. Orton,Massimo Palmarini,Yasmin A Parr,Rute Maria Pinto,Samantha Raggett,Elaine Reid,David Robertson,Jamie Royle,Natalia Cameron-Ruiz,James G Shepherd,Katherine Smollett,Douglas G. Stewart,Meredith Stewart,Elena Sugrue,Agnieszka M. Szemiel,Aislynn Taggart,E. Thomson,Lily Tong,Leah S. Torrie,Rachel Toth,Margus Varjak,Sainan Wang,Stuart G. Wilkinson,Paul G. Wyatt,Eva Zusinaite,Dario R. Alessi,Arvind H. Patel,Ali Zaid,Sam J. Wilson,Suresh Mahalingam +82 more
TL;DR: The SARS-CoV-2 reverse genetics toolkit as discussed by the authors can be used to rescue infectious virus through transient transfection (without in vitro transcription or additional expression plasmids).
Journal ArticleDOI
Potential harmful effects of discontinuing ACE-inhibitors and ARBs in COVID-19 patients.
TL;DR: Therapeutic considerations how to increase soluble ACE-2 in plasma in order forACE-2 to capture and thereby inactivate SARS-CoV-2 are proposed and discussed.
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TL;DR: The findings are consistent with person-to-person transmission of this novel coronavirus in hospital and family settings, and the reports of infected travellers in other geographical regions.
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