SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor
Markus Hoffmann,Hannah Kleine-Weber,Simon Schroeder,Nadine Krüger,Tanja Herrler,Sandra Erichsen,Tobias S. Schiergens,Georg Herrler,Nai Huei Wu,Andreas Nitsche,Marcel A. Müller,Christian Drosten,Christian Drosten,Stefan Pöhlmann +13 more
TLDR
It is demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 uses the SARS -CoV receptor ACE2 for entry and the serine protease TMPRSS2 for S protein priming, and it is shown that the sera from convalescent SARS patients cross-neutralized Sars-2-S-driven entry.About:
This article is published in Cell.The article was published on 2020-04-16 and is currently open access. It has received 15362 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Proteases.read more
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Faecal calprotectin indicates intestinal inflammation in COVID-19.
Maria Effenberger,Felix Grabherr,Lisa Mayr,Julian Schwaerzler,Manfred Nairz,Markus Seifert,Richard Hilbe,Stefanie Seiwald,Sabine Scholl-Buergi,Gernot Fritsche,Rosa Bellmann-Weiler,Günter Weiss,Thomas Müller,Timon E. Adolph,Herbert Tilg +14 more
TL;DR: This pilot study explored a relation between GI symptoms, intestinal inflammation (determined by FC) and faecal SARS-CoV-2-RNA in hospitalised patients with COVID-19 who did not require intensive care measures.
Posted ContentDOI
Structure-based Design of Prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 Spikes
Ching-Lin Hsieh,Jory A. Goldsmith,Jeffrey M. Schaub,Andrea M. DiVenere,Hung-Che Kuo,Kamyab Javanmardi,Kevin C. Le,Daniel Wrapp,Alison Gene-Wei Lee,Yutong Liu,Chia-Wei Chou,Patrick O. Byrne,Christy K. Hjorth,Nicole V. Johnson,John Ludes-Meyers,Annalee W. Nguyen,Juyeon Park,Nianshuang Wang,Dzifa Amengor,Jennifer A. Maynard,Ilya J. Finkelstein,Jason S. McLellan +21 more
TL;DR: Over 100 structure-guided spike variants based upon a previously determined cryo-EM structure of the prefusion SARS-CoV-2 spike are designed and expressed, with the best variant, HexaPro, having six beneficial proline substitutions leading to ∼10-fold higher expression than its parental construct.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevalence and characterization of asthma in hospitalized and nonhospitalized patients with COVID-19.
Krishan D. Chhiba,Gayatri B. Patel,Thanh Huyen T. Vu,Michael M. Chen,Amina Guo,Elizabeth Kudlaty,Quan Mai,Chen Yeh,Lutfiyya N. Muhammad,Kathleen E. Harris,Bruce S. Bochner,Leslie C. Grammer,Paul A. Greenberger,Ravi Kalhan,Fei Li Kuang,Carol A. Saltoun,Robert P. Schleimer,Whitney W. Stevens,Anju T. Peters +18 more
TL;DR: Despite a substantial prevalence of asthma in the COVID-19 cohort, asthma was not associated with an increased risk of hospitalization and the ongoing use of ICS did not increase the risk ofospitalization in a similar adjusted model.
Journal ArticleDOI
Furin cleavage of SARS-CoV-2 Spike promotes but is not essential for infection and cell-cell fusion.
Guido Papa,Donna L. Mallery,Anna Albecka,Lawrence G. Welch,Jérôme Cattin-Ortolá,Jakub Luptak,David L. Paul,Harvey T. McMahon,Ian Goodfellow,Andrew P. Carter,Sean Munro,Leo C. James +11 more
TL;DR: This article showed that loss of furin in either donor or acceptor cells reduces, but does not prevent, TMPRSS2-dependent cell-cell fusion, unlike mutation of the multibasic site that completely prevents syncytia formation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Drugs that inhibit TMEM16 proteins block SARS-CoV-2 spike-induced syncytia.
Luca Braga,Hashim Ali,Ilaria Secco,Elena Chiavacci,Guilherme Neves,Daniel H. Goldhill,Rebecca Penn,Jose M. Jimenez-Guardeño,Ana Maria Ortega-Prieto,Rossana Bussani,Antonio Cannatà,Giorgia Rizzari,Chiara Collesi,Chiara Collesi,Edoardo Schneider,Edoardo Schneider,Daniele Arosio,Ajay M. Shah,Wendy S. Barclay,Michael H. Malim,Juan Burrone,Mauro Giacca,Mauro Giacca,Mauro Giacca +23 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors performed high-content microscopy-based screening with more than 3,000 approved drugs to search for inhibitors of spike-driven syncytia.
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TL;DR: The findings are consistent with person-to-person transmission of this novel coronavirus in hospital and family settings, and the reports of infected travellers in other geographical regions.
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