SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor
Markus Hoffmann,Hannah Kleine-Weber,Simon Schroeder,Nadine Krüger,Tanja Herrler,Sandra Erichsen,Tobias S. Schiergens,Georg Herrler,Nai Huei Wu,Andreas Nitsche,Marcel A. Müller,Christian Drosten,Christian Drosten,Stefan Pöhlmann +13 more
TLDR
It is demonstrated that SARS-CoV-2 uses the SARS -CoV receptor ACE2 for entry and the serine protease TMPRSS2 for S protein priming, and it is shown that the sera from convalescent SARS patients cross-neutralized Sars-2-S-driven entry.About:
This article is published in Cell.The article was published on 2020-04-16 and is currently open access. It has received 15362 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Proteases.read more
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Potently neutralizing and protective human antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.
Seth J. Zost,Pavlo Gilchuk,James Brett Case,Elad Binshtein,Rita E. Chen,Joseph P. Nkolola,Alexandra Schäfer,Joseph X. Reidy,Andrew Trivette,Rachel S. Nargi,Rachel E. Sutton,Naveenchandra Suryadevara,David R. Martinez,Lauren E. Williamson,Elaine C. Chen,Taylor Jones,Samuel Day,Luke Myers,Ahmed O. Hassan,Natasha M. Kafai,Emma S. Winkler,Julie M. Fox,Swathi Shrihari,Benjamin K. Mueller,Jens Meiler,Jens Meiler,Abishek Chandrashekar,Noe B. Mercado,James J. Steinhardt,Kuishu Ren,Yueh-Ming Loo,Nicole L. Kallewaard,Broc T. McCune,Shamus P. Keeler,Michael J. Holtzman,Dan H. Barouch,Lisa E. Gralinski,Ralph S. Baric,Larissa B. Thackray,Michael S. Diamond,Robert H. Carnahan,James E. Crowe +41 more
TL;DR: An analysis identifies human monoclonal antibodies that potently neutralize wild-type SARS-CoV-2 and protect animals from disease, including two that synergize in a cocktail, suggesting that these could be candidates for use as therapeutic agents for the treatment of COVID-19 in humans.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluation of the mRNA-1273 Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in Nonhuman Primates.
Kizzmekia S. Corbett,Barbara J. Flynn,Kathryn E. Foulds,Joseph R. Francica,Seyhan Boyoglu-Barnum,Anne P. Werner,Britta Flach,Sarah O’Connell,Kevin W. Bock,Mahnaz Minai,Bianca M. Nagata,Hanne Leth Andersen,David R. Martinez,Amy T. Noe,Naomi Douek,Mitzi M. Donaldson,Nadesh N Nji,Gabriela S. Alvarado,Darin K. Edwards,Dillon R. Flebbe,Evan Lamb,Nicole A. Doria-Rose,Bob C. Lin,Mark K. Louder,Sijy O'Dell,Stephen D. Schmidt,Emily Phung,Lauren A. Chang,Christina Yap,John-Paul Todd,Laurent Pessaint,Alex Van Ry,Shanai Browne,Jack Greenhouse,Tammy Putman-Taylor,Amanda Strasbaugh,Tracey-Ann Campbell,Anthony Cook,Alan Dodson,Katelyn Steingrebe,Wei Shi,Yi Zhang,Olubukola M. Abiona,Lingshu Wang,Amarendra Pegu,Eun Sung Yang,Kwanyee Leung,Tongqing Zhou,I-Ting Teng,Alicia T. Widge,Ingelise J. Gordon,Laura Novik,Rebecca A. Gillespie,Rebecca J. Loomis,Juan I. Moliva,Guillaume Stewart-Jones,Sunny Himansu,Wing-Pui Kong,Martha Nason,Kaitlyn M. Morabito,Tracy J. Ruckwardt,Julie E. Ledgerwood,Martin R. Gaudinski,Peter D. Kwong,John R. Mascola,Andrea Carfi,Mark G. Lewis,Ralph S. Baric,Adrian B. McDermott,Ian N. Moore,Nancy J. Sullivan,Mario Roederer,Robert A. Seder,Barney S. Graham +73 more
TL;DR: Vaccination of nonhuman primates with mRNA-1273 induced robust SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing activity, rapid protection in the upper and lower airways, and no pathologic changes in the lung.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human organoids: model systems for human biology and medicine.
TL;DR: The applications, advantages and disadvantages of human organoids as models of development and disease and the challenges that have to be overcome for organoids to be able to substantially reduce the need for animal experiments are discussed.
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Neuropathology of patients with COVID-19 in Germany: a post-mortem case series.
Jakob Matschke,Marc Lütgehetmann,Christian Hagel,Jan Sperhake,Ann Sophie Schröder,Carolin Edler,Herbert Mushumba,Antonia Fitzek,Lena Allweiss,Maura Dandri,Matthias Dottermusch,Axel Heinemann,Susanne Pfefferle,Marius Schwabenland,Daniel Sumner Magruder,Stefan Bonn,Stefan Bonn,Marco Prinz,Christian Gerloff,Klaus Püschel,Susanne Krasemann,Martin Aepfelbacher,Markus Glatzel +22 more
TL;DR: In general, neuropathological changes in patients with COVID-19 seem to be mild, with pronounced neuroinflammatory changes in the brainstem being the most common finding, and there was no evidence for CNS damage directly caused by SARS-CoV-2.
Journal ArticleDOI
The cytokine storm and COVID-19.
TL;DR: The current understanding of the features of SARS‐CoV‐2 and the pathological features, pathophysiological mechanisms, and treatments of the cytokine storm induced by COVID‐19 are reviewed and it is suggested that the identification and treatment of theocyte storm are important components for rescuing patients with severe CO VID‐19.
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TL;DR: The findings are consistent with person-to-person transmission of this novel coronavirus in hospital and family settings, and the reports of infected travellers in other geographical regions.
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