University of Hawaii at Manoa

About: University of Hawaii at Manoa is a education organization based out in Honolulu, Hawaii, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 13693 authors who have published 25161 publications receiving 1023924 citations.

Preserving accuracy in GenBank

Abstract: GenBank, the public repository for nucleotide and protein sequences, is a critical resource for molecular biology, evolutionary biology, and ecology. While some attention has been drawn to sequence errors ([1][1]), common annotation errors also reduce the value of this database. In fact, for

Are men universally more dismissing than women? Gender differences in romantic attachment across 62 cultural regions

Abstract: Gender differences in the dismissing form of adult romantic attachment were investigated as part of the International Sexuality Description Project - a survey study of 17,804 people from 62 cultural regions. Contrary to research findings previously reported in Western cultures, we found that men were not significantly more dismissing than women across all cultural regions. Gender differences in dismissing romantic attachment were evident in most cultures, but were typically only small to moderate in magnitude. Looking across cultures, the degree of gender differentiation in dismissing romantic attachment was predictably associated with sociocultural indicators. Generally, these associations supported evolutionary theories of romantic attachment, with smaller gender differences evident in cultures with high-stress and high-fertility reproductive environments. Social role theories of human sexuality received less support in that more progressive sex-role ideologies and national gender equity indexes were not cross-culturally linked as expected to smaller gender differences in dismissing romantic attachment.

Factors Associated with Dietary Supplement Use among Healthy Adults of Five Ethnicities The Multiethnic Cohort Study

Abstract: Participants of the Multiethnic Cohort Study in Hawaii and Los Angeles, California, a representative sample of African-American, Native Hawaiian, Latino, Japanese-American, and White adults, completed a baseline questionnaire in 1993-1996 assessing dietary supplement use during the past year as well as demographic, dietary, and other lifestyle factors. Factors associated with supplement use were examined among those who reported an absence of chronic disease (n = 100,196). Use of any of eight supplements at least once per week during the past year ranged from 44% among Hawaiian men to 75% among Japanese-American and White women. Multivitamins were the most frequently reported supplement; 48% of the men and 56% of the women reported regular use. Dietary supplement use was high across all ethnic groups, although levels and length of regular use varied. In all gender-specific ethnic groups, supplement use tended to increase with age, education, physical activity, fruit intake, and dietary fiber intake and to decrease with obesity, smoking, and dietary fat intake. Participants whose lifestyles were healthier were more likely to use dietary supplements. Therefore, it may be difficult to separate the effects of supplement use from other lifestyle factors when studying disease etiology.

A Highly Resolved Regional Climate Model (IPRC-RegCM) and Its Simulation of the 1998 Severe Precipitation Event over China. Part I: Model Description and Verification of Simulation*

Abstract: East Asia is a region with complex topography, land surface conditions, coastlines, and with large contribution from mesoscale phenomena, such as the mei-yu/baiu frontal systems and tropical storms. To study the regional climate in such a region, a highly resolved regional climate model (IPRC-RegCM) has been recently developed at the International Pacific Research Center (IPRC). The distinct features of this model include the direct feedback of cumulus detrained cloud ice and cloud water into the grid-resolved quantities; the effect of cloud buoyancy on turbulence production with mixed-ice phase clouds; an explicit coupling between the cloud microphysics and radiation via cloud properties; an explicit coupling between land surface and radiation via surface albedo, direct and diffuse radiation fluxes; and the effect of frictionally generated dissipative heating. The model is documented in detail and the performance of the model is demonstrated by its simulation of the 1998 severe flooding event over China, the worst one since 1955. With the use of the objective analysis of the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), which is available at 12-h intervals with a resolution of 2.5 83 2.58, as both the initial and lateral boundary conditions, the model was integrated from 26 April to 31 August 1998 with a resolution of 0.5 83 0.58 covering the area 58‐458N, 908‐1408E. The model simulated realistically not only the temporal evolution of the area-averaged precipitation and the monthly mean precipitation spatial pattern but also the daily precipitation intensity distribution. The model reproduced the monsoon circulations, in particular, two episodes of the intraseasonal oscillation events that are believed to be closely related to the unusual double mei-yu periods over the Yangtze River basin in 1998.