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Structure, function and diversity of the healthy human microbiome

Curtis Huttenhower, +253 more
- 14 Jun 2012 - 
- Vol. 486, Iss: 7402, pp 207-214
TLDR
The Human Microbiome Project Consortium reported the first results of their analysis of microbial communities from distinct, clinically relevant body habitats in a human cohort; the insights into the microbial communities of a healthy population lay foundations for future exploration of the epidemiology, ecology and translational applications of the human microbiome as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: 
The Human Microbiome Project Consortium reports the first results of their analysis of microbial communities from distinct, clinically relevant body habitats in a human cohort; the insights into the microbial communities of a healthy population lay foundations for future exploration of the epidemiology, ecology and translational applications of the human microbiome.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Is nano safe in foods? Establishing the factors impacting the gastrointestinal fate and toxicity of organic and inorganic food-grade nanoparticles

David Julian McClements, +1 more
TL;DR: The authors note that nanoparticles are already present in many natural and processed foods, and that new kinds of nanoparticles may be utilized as functional ingredients by the food industry in the future.
Journal ArticleDOI

Microbiota of De-Novo Pediatric IBD: Increased Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii and Reduced Bacterial Diversity in Crohn's But Not in Ulcerative Colitis

Richard Hansen, +16 more
- 05 Dec 2012 - 
TL;DR: The results challenge the current model of a protective role for F. prausnitzii in CD, suggesting a more dynamic role for this organism than previously described.
Journal ArticleDOI

Rapid changes in the gut microbiome during human evolution

Andrew H. Moeller, +9 more
- 18 Nov 2014 - 
TL;DR: The results indicate that humanity has experienced a depletion of the gut flora since diverging from Pan, and suggest that the human microbiome has undergone a substantial transformation since the human–chimpanzee split.
Journal ArticleDOI

The human gut resistome

Willem van Schaik
- 05 Jun 2015 - 
TL;DR: Resistance gene transfer from commensal to gut-dwelling opportunistic pathogens appears to be a relatively rare event but may contribute to the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains, as is illustrated by the vancomycin resistance determinants that are shared by anaerobic gut commensals and the nosocomial pathogen Enterococcus faecium.
Journal ArticleDOI

Menage a trois in the human gut: interactions between host, bacteria and phages

Mohammadali Khan Mirzaei, +1 more
- 02 May 2017 - 
TL;DR: Applying an ecological perspective to the study of bacterial and phage communities in the gut will help to understand how this microbial system functions and could help harness the gut microbiota to improve disease outcomes.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

QIIME allows analysis of high-throughput community sequencing data.

J. Gregory Caporaso, +27 more
- 11 Apr 2010 - 
TL;DR: An overview of the analysis pipeline and links to raw data and processed output from the runs with and without denoising are provided.
Journal ArticleDOI

A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing

Junjie Qin, +52 more
- 04 Mar 2010 - 
TL;DR: The Illumina-based metagenomic sequencing, assembly and characterization of 3.3 million non-redundant microbial genes, derived from 576.7 gigabases of sequence, from faecal samples of 124 European individuals are described, indicating that the entire cohort harbours between 1,000 and 1,150 prevalent bacterial species and each individual at least 160 such species.
Journal ArticleDOI

A core gut microbiome in obese and lean twins

Peter J. Turnbaugh, +14 more
- 22 Jan 2009 - 
TL;DR: The faecal microbial communities of adult female monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs concordant for leanness or obesity, and their mothers are characterized to address how host genotype, environmental exposure and host adiposity influence the gut microbiome.
Journal ArticleDOI

Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is an anti-inflammatory commensal bacterium identified by gut microbiota analysis of Crohn disease patients

Harry Sokol, +19 more
- 28 Oct 2008 - 
TL;DR: The results suggest that counterbalancing dysbiosis using F. prausnitzii as a probiotic is a promising strategy in CD treatment and exhibits anti-inflammatory effects on cellular and TNBS colitis models, partly due to secreted metabolites able to block NF-κB activation and IL-8 production.
Journal ArticleDOI

Vaginal microbiome of reproductive-age women

Jacques Ravel, +14 more
- 15 Mar 2011 - 
TL;DR: The inherent differences within and between women in different ethnic groups strongly argues for a more refined definition of the kinds of bacterial communities normally found in healthy women and the need to appreciate differences between individuals so they can be taken into account in risk assessment and disease diagnosis.
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