Institution
Hokkaido University
Education•Sapporo, Hokkaidô, Japan•
About: Hokkaido University is a education organization based out in Sapporo, Hokkaidô, Japan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Population. The organization has 53925 authors who have published 115403 publications receiving 2651647 citations. The organization is also known as: Hokudai & Hokkaidō daigaku.
Topics: Catalysis, Population, Gene, Virus, Oxide
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, it has been shown that rochelle salt in the ferroelectric state consists of many domains and that the domain structure in an annealed crystal is caused by the electrostatic self energy.
Abstract: It has been verified by means of the polarization microscope that rochelle salt in the ferroelectric state consists of many domains. The domain structure in an annealed crystal is caused by the electrostatic self energy. When the electric field along the $X$ direction is increased and then decreased gradually, successive positions of the domain wall produce a hysteresis loop, which proves the existence of a restoring force on the wall. This restoring force causes lag of charging, and its variation with time produces a fatigue effect. The propagation velocity of a domain wall is about 0.2 cm/sec for 100 v/cm. A group of domains parallel to the $b$ axis has been created artificially. When a stress ${Y}_{z}$ is applied, a set of domains inverts its polarization direction. $Z$-cut specimens of K${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$P${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ cooled below the Curie temperature divide into many regions which appear to be domains. The phase transition in K${\mathrm{H}}_{2}$P${\mathrm{O}}_{4}$ propagates from only one nucleus.Theoretically it has been concluded that the domain wall energy of rochelle salt is $1.4\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}10}{{P}_{0}}^{3}$ erg/${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$ and the wall width $\ensuremath{\sim}2\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}4}/{P}_{0}$ cm, where ${P}_{0}$ is the saturation polarization.
309 citations
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TL;DR: This first broad study aiming at the reconstruction of the evolutionary history of vibrios by means of multilocus sequence analysis of nine genes was performed, and 14 distinct clades were recognized using the SplitsTree decomposition method.
Abstract: We performed the first broad study aiming at the reconstruction of the evolutionary history of vibrios by means of multilocus sequence analysis of nine genes. Overall, 14 distinct clades were recognized using the SplitsTree decomposition method. Some of these clades may correspond to families, e.g., the clades Salinivibrio and Photobacteria, while other clades, e.g., Splendidus and Harveyi, correspond to genera. The common ancestor of all vibrios was estimated to have been present 600 million years ago. We can define species of vibrios as groups of strains that share >95% gene sequence similarity and >99.4% amino acid identity based on the eight protein-coding housekeeping genes. The gene sequence data were used to refine the standard online electronic taxonomic scheme for vibrios (http://www.taxvibrio.lncc.br).
309 citations
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TL;DR: The expression of osteopontin, CD44 variants, and integrins has been correlated with tumorigenesis and metastasis and it is shown that these proteins cooperate to enhance cell motility.
Abstract: The expression of osteopontin (OPN), CD44 variants, and integrins has been correlated with tumorigenesis and metastasis. Here we show that these proteins cooperate to enhance cell motility. First, we demonstrate that several different CD44 variants bind to OPN in an arginine-glycineaspartic acid-independent manner, but that the standard form of CD44 does not. These CD44 variants bind to both the amino- and COOH-terminal portions of OPN independently of the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid sequence, suggesting that multiple domains on OPN can be bound by the CD44 variants. Antibodies directed against the integrin beta1 subunit are able to inhibit this binding. The binding of CD44 variants to OPN is significantly augmented by both anti-CD44s and anti-CD44v antibodies. This augmentation by anti-CD44 antibodies is OPN specific and, again, can be blocked by anti-beta1 antibodies. Finally, we show that OPN binding by CD44 variants/beta1-containing integrins promotes cell spreading, motility, and chemotactic behavior.
309 citations
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Goddard Space Flight Center1, University of Maryland, Baltimore County2, Science Applications International Corporation3, Hokkaido University4, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts5, University of Guelph6, Florida State University7, Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies8, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration9, University of Gothenburg10, Environment Canada11, Michigan State University12, Princeton University13, ETH Zurich14, Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute15
TL;DR: The second phase of the Global Land-Atmosphere Coupling Experiment (GLACE-2) is a multi-institutional numerical modeling experiment focused on quantifying, for boreal summer, the subseasonal forecast skill for precipitation and air temperature that can be derived from the realistic initialization of land surface states, notably soil moisture as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The second phase of the Global Land–Atmosphere Coupling Experiment (GLACE-2) is a multi-institutional numerical modeling experiment focused on quantifying, for boreal summer, the subseasonal (out to two months) forecast skill for precipitation and air temperature that can be derived from the realistic initialization of land surface states, notably soil moisture. An overview of the experiment and model behavior at the global scale is described here, along with a determination and characterization of multimodel “consensus” skill. The models show modest but significant skill in predicting air temperatures, especially where the rain gauge network is dense. Given that precipitation is the chief driver of soil moisture, and thereby assuming that rain gauge density is a reasonable proxy for the adequacy of the observational network contributing to soil moisture initialization, this result indeed highlights the potential contribution of enhanced observations to prediction. Land-derived precipitation forec...
309 citations
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University of Sussex1, University of Toulouse2, Pontifical Catholic University of Chile3, University of Miami4, Barry University5, Northwestern University6, West University of Timișoara7, University of Buea8, Nanyang Technological University9, Makerere University10, University of Namibia11, National Research University – Higher School of Economics12, Université catholique de Louvain13, University of Iceland14, American University of Beirut15, Complutense University of Madrid16, Ateneo de Manila University17, University of Cambridge18, Chinese Academy of Sciences19, North China University of Science and Technology20, University of Gdańsk21, Hokkaido University22, Osaka University23, Pontifical Catholic University of Peru24, University of Tartu25, Istanbul Şehir University26, University of Ghana27, Yaşar University28, Bilkent University29, Thammasat University30, University of Colorado Colorado Springs31, University of Wisconsin-Madison32, University of Los Andes33, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul34, University of Malaya35, University of Agder36, Victoria University of Wellington37, Uludağ University38, Ankara University39, Sultan Qaboos University40, Addis Ababa University41, The Chinese University of Hong Kong42, Hungarian Academy of Sciences43, Federal University of Paraíba44, Federal University of Pará45, Leipzig University46, University of Jena47, University of Milan48, Hong Kong Polytechnic University49
TL;DR: A new 7-dimensional model of self-reported ways of being independent or interdependent is developed and validated across cultures and will allow future researchers to test more accurately the implications of cultural models of selfhood for psychological processes in diverse ecocultural contexts.
Abstract: Markus and Kitayama’s (1991) theory of independent and interdependent self-construals had a major influence on social, personality, and developmental psychology by highlighting the role of culture in psychological processes. However, research has relied excessively on contrasts between North American and East Asian samples, and commonly used self-report measures of independence and interdependence frequently fail to show predicted cultural differences. We revisited the conceptualization and measurement of independent and interdependent self-construals in 2 large-scale multinational surveys, using improved methods for cross-cultural research. We developed (Study 1: N = 2924 students in 16 nations) and validated across cultures (Study 2: N = 7279 adults from 55 cultural groups in 33 nations) a new 7-dimensional model of self-reported ways of being independent or interdependent. Patterns of global variation support some of Markus and Kitayama’s predictions, but a simple contrast between independence and interdependence does not adequately capture the diverse models of selfhood that prevail in different world regions. Cultural groups emphasize different ways of being both independent and interdependent, depending on individualism-collectivism, national socioeconomic development, and religious heritage. Our 7-dimensional model will allow future researchers to test more accurately the implications of cultural models of selfhood for psychological processes in diverse ecocultural contexts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
309 citations
Authors
Showing all 54156 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Shizuo Akira | 261 | 1308 | 320561 |
Yi Cui | 220 | 1015 | 199725 |
John F. Hartwig | 145 | 714 | 66472 |
Yoshihiro Kawaoka | 139 | 883 | 75087 |
David Y. Graham | 138 | 1047 | 80886 |
Takashi Kadowaki | 137 | 873 | 89729 |
Kazunari Domen | 130 | 908 | 77964 |
Susumu Kitagawa | 125 | 809 | 69594 |
Toshikazu Nakamura | 121 | 732 | 51374 |
Toshio Hirano | 120 | 401 | 55721 |
Li-Jun Wan | 113 | 639 | 52128 |
Wenbin Lin | 113 | 474 | 56786 |
Xiaoming Li | 113 | 1932 | 72445 |
Jinhua Ye | 112 | 658 | 49496 |
Terence Tao | 111 | 606 | 94316 |