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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

An Endothelial-to-Adipocyte Extracellular Vesicle Axis Governed by Metabolic State

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TLDR
It is shown that neighboring endothelial cells (ECs) transfer cav1-containing EVs to adipocytes in vivo, which reciprocate by releasing EVs to ECs, which facilitates transfer of plasma constituents from ECs to the adipocyte.
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This article is published in Cell.The article was published on 2018-10-18 and is currently open access. It has received 238 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Extracellular vesicle & Cell signaling.

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Adipogenesis and metabolic health

TL;DR: Interestingly, adipose tissue expansion through the generation of new adipocytes (adipogenesis), rather than through increasing adipocyte size, can prevent this metabolic decline, and a better understanding of adipogenesis can inform new strategies to increase metabolic health in humans.
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Extracellular miRNAs: From Biomarkers to Mediators of Physiology and Disease

TL;DR: The findings that led to these conclusions are reviewed and how this sets the stage for new lines of investigation in which extracellular miRNAs are recognized as important mediators of intercellular communication and potential candidates for therapy of disease.
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A lipase-independent pathway of lipid release and immune modulation by adipocytes

TL;DR: AdExos are both an alternative pathway of local lipid release and a mechanism by which parenchymal cells can modulate tissue macrophage differentiation and function.
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Exosomes from nicotine-stimulated macrophages accelerate atherosclerosis through miR-21-3p/PTEN-mediated VSMC migration and proliferation.

TL;DR: Exosomal miR-21-3p from nicotine-treated macrophages may accelerate the development of atherosclerosis by increasing VSMC migration and proliferation through its target PTEN.
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Extracellular vesicles in the tumor microenvironment: old stories, but new tales.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present updates on major topics that document how extracellular vesicles are implicated in proliferative expansion of cancer cells, promotion of drug resistance, reprogramming of metabolic activity, enhancement of metastatic potential, induction of angiogenesis, and escape from immune surveillance.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Isolation and Characterization of Exosomes from Cell Culture Supernatants and Biological Fluids

TL;DR: This unit describes different approaches for exosome purification from various sources, and discusses methods to evaluate the purity and homogeneity of the purified exosomes preparations.
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Shedding light on the cell biology of extracellular vesicles.

TL;DR: Extracellular vesicles are now considered as an additional mechanism for intercellular communication, allowing cells to exchange proteins, lipids and genetic material.
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Membrane vesicles as conveyors of immune responses

TL;DR: The role of membrane vesicles, in particular exosomes, in the communication between immune cells, and between tumour and immune cells is focused on.
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Ceramide Triggers Budding of Exosome Vesicles into Multivesicular Endosomes

TL;DR: It is found that cargo is segregated into distinct subdomains on the endosomal membrane and that the transfer of exosome-associated domains into the lumen of theendosome did not depend on the function of the ESCRT (endosomal sorting complex required for transport) machinery, but required the sphingolipid ceramide.
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