Geant4—a simulation toolkit
read more
Citations
Observation of a new particle in the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson with the ATLAS detector at the LHC
Observation of a new boson at a mass of 125 GeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC
PYTHIA 6.4 Physics and Manual
Geant4 developments and applications
The Large Area Telescope on the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope Mission
References
The Mechanism of nuclear fission
Precession of the Polarization of Particles Moving in a Homogeneous Electromagnetic Field
Japanese evaluated nuclear data library version 3 revision-3: JENDL-3.3
Object-oriented development: the fusion method
Related Papers (5)
Geant4 developments and applications
The CMS experiment at the CERN LHC
Frequently Asked Questions (15)
Q2. What are the future works mentioned in the paper "Geant4—a simulation toolkit" ?
The implementation of the toolkit in an object-oriented design allows it to be easily extended, where appropriate, to meet the requirements of the user, through class inheritance.
Q3. What is the importance of monitoring code quality from the start?
Although unit and system testing are critical to ensure integrity and correctness of the Geant4 code, it is also important to monitor code quality from the start.
Q4. What is the key mechanism in Geant4 for achieving customisable and state-dependent?
The intercoms category implements an expandable command interpreter which is the key mechanism in Geant4 for realising customisable and state-dependent user interactions with all categories without being perturbed by the dependencies among classes.
Q5. What are the key domains of the simulation of the passage of particles through matter?
The key domains of the simulation of the passage of particles through matter are:* geometry and materials; * particle interaction in matter; * tracking management; * digitisation and hit management; * event and track management; * visualisation and visualisation framework; * user interface.
Q6. What is the key to the development of a tool-kit for hadronic physics?
The use of state of the art software technology is the key that allows for distributed development of the physics base of a tool-kit for simulation of hadronic physics in the Geant4 context.
Q7. What is the need to suspend the primary charged particle track?
The need to suspend the primary charged particle track arises in the production of Cherenkov photons because the number of such photons generated during the length of a typical step, as defined by energy loss or multiplescattering, is often very large.
Q8. How many orders of magnitude do the basic requirements on the physics modelling of hadronic interactions?
The basic requirements on the physics modelling of hadronic interactions in a simulation toolkit span more than 15 orders of magnitude in energy.
Q9. What is the function that takes care of the transporting of a particle?
It takes cares of all message passing between objects in the different categories which are relevant to transporting a particle (for example, geometry, interactions in matter, etc.).
Q10. What is the reason for the demand for large scale particle and nuclear physics simulations?
The demand is driven by the escalating size, complexity, and sensitivity of the detectors and fueled by the availability of moderate-cost, high-capacity computer systems on which larger and more complex simulations become possible.
Q11. How much error was added to the simulation results?
A systematic error of 15% was added to the simulation results to take the error in the extrapolation of the total cross-sections into account.
Q12. What is the range for other charged hadrons?
The range for other charged hadrons is computed from the proton table by using the scaled kinetic energy Ts ¼ Tmp=m; where T is the particle kinetic energy, m is the particle mass and mp is the proton mass, which is the energy of a proton with the same velocity as the tracked particle.
Q13. What is the approach to low energy neutron transport for radiation studies?
Data driven modeling is known to provide the best, if not only, approach to low energy neutron transport for radiation studies in large detectors.
Q14. What tools are used to detect unsafe, nonstandard or errorprone coding practices in the source?
To achieve this end the authors employ various Quality Assurance tools such as CodeWizard [43], to detect unsafe, nonstandard or errorprone coding practices in the source code, Insure++ [43] and Valgrind [44], to detect data integrity and memory management problems in a running application.
Q15. What is the physics of photons, electrons, muons, hadrons?
The Geant4 toolkit contains a large variety of complementary and sometimes alternative physics models covering the physics of photons, electrons, muons, hadrons and ions from 250 eV up to several PeV.