Journal ArticleDOI
Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease
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TLDR
The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further the authors' knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.Abstract:
Gut microbiota is an assortment of microorganisms inhabiting the length and width of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. The composition of this microbial community is host specific, evolving throughout an individual's lifetime and susceptible to both exogenous and endogenous modifications. Recent renewed interest in the structure and function of this "organ" has illuminated its central position in health and disease. The microbiota is intimately involved in numerous aspects of normal host physiology, from nutritional status to behavior and stress response. Additionally, they can be a central or a contributing cause of many diseases, affecting both near and far organ systems. The overall balance in the composition of the gut microbial community, as well as the presence or absence of key species capable of effecting specific responses, is important in ensuring homeostasis or lack thereof at the intestinal mucosa and beyond. The mechanisms through which microbiota exerts its beneficial or detrimental influences remain largely undefined, but include elaboration of signaling molecules and recognition of bacterial epitopes by both intestinal epithelial and mucosal immune cells. The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further our knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
An algorithm for designing minimal microbial communities with desired metabolic capacities.
Alexander Eng,Elhanan Borenstein +1 more
TL;DR: The method integrates a graph theoretic representation of network flow with the set cover problem in an integer linear programming (ILP) framework to simultaneously identify possible metabolic paths from substrates to products while minimizing the number of species required to catalyze these metabolic reactions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Do gut microbial communities differ in pediatric IBS and health
TL;DR: Interestingly, the number of significant genus abundance associations was drastically lower among the IBS samples, which can potentially be attributed to the existence of multiple routes to microbiota disbalance in IBS or to the loss of microbial interactions during IBS development.
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Faecal bacterial microbiota in patients with cirrhosis and the effect of lactulose administration.
TL;DR: Gut microbiota in cirrhosis differ from healthy persons and do not change following lactulose administration, which suggests that the effect of lactULose on hepatic encephalopathy may not be related to alteration in gut microbiota.
Book ChapterDOI
Lactic Acid Bacteria as Probiotics: Characteristics, Selection Criteria and Role in Immunomodulation of Human GI Muccosal Barrier
Daoud Harzallah,Hani Belhadj +1 more
TL;DR: Lactic Acid Bacteria as Probiotics: Characteristics, Selection Criteria and Role in Immunomodulation of Human GI Muccosal Barrier is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium.
Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of anti-Helicobacter pylori concomitant therapy and probiotic supplementation on the throat and gut microbiota in humans
Zi-Juan Wang,Xiao-Feng Chen,Zi-Xiao Zhang,Yu-Chen Li,Juan Deng,Jing Tu,Zhi-Qiang Song,Qing-Hua Zou +7 more
TL;DR: Co-administration of probiotics is likely to be more effective than post-antibiotic supplementation, and although some beneficial effects were observed, the probiotic combination did not exert significant effects on the unbalanced commensal gut and throat microbiota composition.
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