Journal ArticleDOI
Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease
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TLDR
The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further the authors' knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.Abstract:
Gut microbiota is an assortment of microorganisms inhabiting the length and width of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. The composition of this microbial community is host specific, evolving throughout an individual's lifetime and susceptible to both exogenous and endogenous modifications. Recent renewed interest in the structure and function of this "organ" has illuminated its central position in health and disease. The microbiota is intimately involved in numerous aspects of normal host physiology, from nutritional status to behavior and stress response. Additionally, they can be a central or a contributing cause of many diseases, affecting both near and far organ systems. The overall balance in the composition of the gut microbial community, as well as the presence or absence of key species capable of effecting specific responses, is important in ensuring homeostasis or lack thereof at the intestinal mucosa and beyond. The mechanisms through which microbiota exerts its beneficial or detrimental influences remain largely undefined, but include elaboration of signaling molecules and recognition of bacterial epitopes by both intestinal epithelial and mucosal immune cells. The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further our knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.read more
Citations
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Host immunoglobulin G selectively identifies pathobionts in pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases
H Armstrong,Misagh Alipour,Rosica Valcheva,Michael Bording-Jorgensen,Juan Jovel,Deenaz Zaidi,Prachi E. Shah,Yuefei Lou,Cory Ebeling,Andrew Mason,Dawson Lafleur,J Jerasi,Gane Ka-Shu Wong,Karen Madsen,Matthew W Carroll,Hien Q. Huynh,Levinus A. Dieleman,Eytan Wine +17 more
TL;DR: Using IgG as a marker of pathobionts in larger patient cohorts to identify microbes and elucidate their role in IBD pathogenesis will potentially underpin new strategies to facilitate development of novel, targeted diagnostic, and therapeutic approaches.
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Impact of mycotoxins on the intestine: are mucus and microbiota new targets?
Hervé Robert,Delphine Payros,Philippe Pinton,Vassilia Theodorou,Muriel Mercier-Bonin,Isabelle P. Oswald +5 more
TL;DR: Mucus and microbiota are key targets for dietary mycotoxins although assessment of induced effects is preliminary, and Evaluation of the mycotoxin/mucus interplay considering other indicators such as composition, thickness, and penetrability of mucus, mucin O-glycosylation thus warrants further attention.
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Interaction of dietary polyphenols and gut microbiota: Microbial metabolism of polyphenols, influence on the gut microbiota, and implications on host health
Gizem Catalkaya,Koen Venema,Luigi Lucini,Gabriele Rocchetti,Dominique Delmas,Maria Daglia,Maria Daglia,Anna De Filippis,Hang Xiao,José L. Quiles,Jianbo Xiao,Esra Capanoglu +11 more
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The Microbiome in Wound Repair and Tissue Fibrosis
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Journal ArticleDOI
Aging and the human gut microbiota-from correlation to causality.
TL;DR: Given that increases in life expectancy will likely result in an increase in the elderly population worldwide, analysis of the contribution of the microbiota to healthy aging assumes greater significance and age-related spatio-temporal variations in the microbiota are best viewed within an ecological- evolutionary framework.
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