Journal ArticleDOI
Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease
TLDR
The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further the authors' knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.Abstract:
Gut microbiota is an assortment of microorganisms inhabiting the length and width of the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. The composition of this microbial community is host specific, evolving throughout an individual's lifetime and susceptible to both exogenous and endogenous modifications. Recent renewed interest in the structure and function of this "organ" has illuminated its central position in health and disease. The microbiota is intimately involved in numerous aspects of normal host physiology, from nutritional status to behavior and stress response. Additionally, they can be a central or a contributing cause of many diseases, affecting both near and far organ systems. The overall balance in the composition of the gut microbial community, as well as the presence or absence of key species capable of effecting specific responses, is important in ensuring homeostasis or lack thereof at the intestinal mucosa and beyond. The mechanisms through which microbiota exerts its beneficial or detrimental influences remain largely undefined, but include elaboration of signaling molecules and recognition of bacterial epitopes by both intestinal epithelial and mucosal immune cells. The advances in modeling and analysis of gut microbiota will further our knowledge of their role in health and disease, allowing customization of existing and future therapeutic and prophylactic modalities.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Review article: faecal transplantation therapy for gastrointestinal disease.
J. Landy,Hafid O. Al-Hassi,Simon D. McLaughlin,Alan W. Walker,Paul J. Ciclitira,R. J. Nicholls,S. K. Clark,Ailsa Hart +7 more
TL;DR: Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2011; 34: 409–415.
Journal ArticleDOI
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth and Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Bridge between Functional Organic Dichotomy.
TL;DR: A recent proof-of-concept study showing the high frequency of symptom improvement in patients with IBS with SIBO further supports the hypothesis that gut dysbiosis, including small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, causes IBS symptoms.
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Impact of lactobacilli on orally acquired listeriosis
Cristel Archambaud,Marie-Anne Nahori,Guillaume Soubigou,Christophe Bécavin,Laure Laval,Pierre Lechat,Tamara Smokvina,Philippe Langella,Marc Lecuit,Marc Lecuit,Pascale Cossart +10 more
TL;DR: A unique comprehensive analysis of the impact of two Lactobacillus species on L. monocytogenes and orally acquired listeriosis in a gnotobiotic humanized mouse model reveals that the modulation of L.monocytogenic infection by treatment with lactobacilli correlates with a decrease in host gene expression, in particular ISGs, miR regulation, and a dramatic reshaping of L.'s transcriptome.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bacterial culture through selective and non-selective conditions: the evolution of culture media in clinical microbiology.
TL;DR: Thanks to a better knowledge of the bacterial environment, it will be possible to develop new culture media and new culture conditions, better adapted to certain fastidious bacteria that are difficult to isolate.
Journal ArticleDOI
Carrageenan-induced colitis is associated with decreased population of anti-inflammatory bacterium, Akkermansia muciniphila, in the gut microbiota of C57BL/6J mice.
TL;DR: The results corroborate previous studies demonstrating harmful gastrointestinal effect of carrageenan and shed new light into the mechanism by which carrageENan induces colitis in experimental animals.
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